[A case of multiple-drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in a hemodialysis hospital].

A 42-year-old male with chronic renal failure was diagnosed as multiple-drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, 9 months after the onset of hemodialysis. During the period before the diagnosis of tuberculosis, he visited regularly the hemodialysis hospital, accordingly many patients with hemodialysis and the hospital staffs had close and long contact with the patient. Our health center planned and conducted contact examinations among them, with QFT-TB test and chest X-ray. Petients with hemodialysis are regarded as immunocompromised hosts, one of the high risk groups for infections. The result of QFT-TB test of patients were negative, however, we have to cosider the possibility of false-negative. So we followed up by monthly chest X-ray examination all hemodialysis patients for 2 years, and finally, it was found that secondary infection of multiple-drug-resistant tuberculosis among immunocompromised hosts did not occur.

[Estimation of the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in the 1950s in Tokyo].

PURPOSE: We estimated the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in the 1950s in the urban area of Tokyo using results of the tuberculin skin test (TST) in infants and children. SUBJECT AND METHODS: We analyzed prevalence of tuberculosis using the results of the TST in 728 children (5 m.o.-24 m.o.) without BCG vaccination in 1954 in Koto Ward, Tokyo. RESULTS: Assuming that the sensitivity and specificity of the TST were 95% and 98%, respectively, the prevalence of TB was estimated to be 2% (95% C.I., 0.4-4.3%) among 448 infants under 12 m.o. (mean age 0.69 y.o.), and 16% (95% C.I., 11.9-21.5%) among 280 children aged 12 m.o.-24 m.o. (mean age 1.44 y.o.). CONCLUSION: Being different from the current situation of tuberculosis, the risk of infection among infants was high in 1950s in Japan, therefore, it was considered that the prevalence of tuberculosis infection rose rapidly among infants in their early period after birth. Also, the risk of infection in urban areas was higher comparing with the average national rate at that time.