[Terson syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia (case report)]. / Sindrom Tersona na fone ostrogo mieloidnogo leikoza (klinicheskoe nablyudenie).

The article presents a clinical case of bilateral Terson syndrome caused by the manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia. A 32-year-old man complained of a sharp decrease in vision in both eyes. Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred secondary to acute myeloid leukemia. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) amounted to OD=0.01, OS=0.005. The anterior segment was normal in both eyes, voluminous immobile white-gray mass measuring 7-9 DD that completely covered the macula (intense hyperechoic cell suspension with a volume of about 1/2 of the vitreous cavity, ultrasound B-scan) were visualized in the posterior pole of the vitreous body of both eyes under conditions of maximum drug-induced mydriasis. Diagnosis: vitreous hemorrhage due to subarachnoid hemorrhage in both eyes secondary to acute myeloid leukemia. Vitrectomy was performed in both eyes. UCVA increased to 0.05 in both eyes. Vitrectomy contributed to improvement of visual functions and patient quality of life.

[Optical coherence tomography angiography in diagnosis of changes in macular capillary blood flow in chronic ischemic retinopathy]. / Opticheskaya kogerentnaya tomografiya-angiografiya v diagnostike izmenenii kapillyarnogo krovotoka makuly pri khronicheskoi ishemicheskoi retinopatii.

PURPOSE: Assessment of the indices of macular capillary blood flow and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT) using optical coherence tomography angiography in patients with retinal manifestations of ocular ischemic syndrome (RMOIS) associated with atherosclerotic internal carotid artery stenosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 34 patients (68 eyes): 21 men, 13 women with RMOIS in one eye. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the severity of atherosclerotic internal carotid artery stenosis and ophthalmoscopic picture of the fundus. To obtain objective information we analyzed the degree of decrease in the main indices characterizing macular microcirculation and SCT depending on the severity of RMOIS. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Analysis of the results showed relationship between the severity of RMOIS and the deficit in macular microcirculation. The macula of the patients with mild RMOIS was characterized by a decrease in the density of superficial vascular plexus (SVP) and the density of deep capillary plexus (DCP) by 13.5% and 10.5% compared to the controls, respectively; in moderate RMOIS - by 19.7% and 14.6%; in severe RMOIS - by 35.9% and 28%, respectively. With an increase in the severity of RMOIS, the area of the foveal avascular zone increased too: in mild degree RMOIS - by 19%, in moderate - by 38.6%, in severe - by 51%. In proportion to the severity of RMOIS, SCT was reduced: in mild degree RMOIS - by only 8%, in moderate - by 22%, and in severe - by 29.8% of the control. CONCLUSION: The conducted research indicates that pathological changes in RMOIS extend to the entire capillary network of the macula and SCT. With increase in the degree of RMOIS, ischemic changes in all capillary layers of the central parts of the retina proportionally increase in comparison with the control group by 1.15 times in mild degree, by 1.24 times in moderate degree, and by 1.5 times in severe RMOIS.

[Correlation between biochemical markers of endothelial dysfunction, free radical oxidation and morphometric parameters of macular retina in pregnant women with preeclampsia]. / O vzaimosviazi mezhdu biokhimicheskimi faktorami éndotelial'noi disfunktsii, svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia i morfometricheskimi pokazateliami makuliarnoi zony pri preéklampsii.

Information about relationship between biochemical indexes of endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia and morphometric parameters of macula is necessary for prediction of the risk of retinal vascular disorders. PURPOSE: To study the relationship between biochemical indexes of blood serum, lacrimal fluid (LF) and the macular retinal volume (MRV) in pregnant women with preeclampsia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 42 pregnant women aged 21 to 40 years with preeclampsia of different severity (the main group): 1st subgroup - mild degree (22 people); 2nd subgroup - average degree (12 people); 3rd subgroup - severe degree (8 people). The comparison group included 20 pregnant women aged 19 to 38 years experiencing physiologically natural pregnancy. RESULTS: By the 3rd trimester, in the 1st subgroup the index of MRV was between 6.4 and 9.5 mm3; the index of von Willebrand factor (vWF) - 88.9±7.3%; endothelin (ET) content in LF was 1.35±0.2 ng/ml; the indices of free radical oxidation (FRO) in lacrimal fluid (Ssp and Sind) were significantly higher than in the comparison group (p<0.01). In the 2nd subgroup: MRV was 7.4±0.5 mm3, ET - 2.2±0.3 ng/ml, and vWF - 117.2±8.5% (p<0.01); the indices of FRO were higher in comparison with the 1st subgroup. In the 3rd subgroup: MRV was 8.5±0.7 mm3, ET - 3.2±0.3 ng/ml, and vWF - 157±9.5% (difference with the 2nd subgroup p<0.01). The indices of FRO (Ssp, Sind and h) indices were maximum high (difference with the 2nd subgroup p<0.01). CONCLUSION: A trend of increase of MRV by the 3rd trimester correlating with the degrees of preeclampsia severity was found. In the main group (r from 0.71 to 0.83), strong, direct, statistically significant association was found between the increase of ET levels in LF, vWF and MRV on the one side, and FRO on the other side.

[Relationship between constitutional type of systemic hemodynamics and formation of peripheral vitreo-chorioretinal dystrophies during pregnancy]. / Vzaimosviaz' konstitutsional'nogo tipa sistemnoi gemodinamiki s formirovaniem perifericheskikh vitreokhorioretinal'nykh distrofii v period beremennosti.

Dynamic observations of 86 pregnant women with peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophies (PVCRD) (121 eyes) showed that the condition progressed during pregnancy in 33.8% cases. Decrease of ocular hemodynamics and scleral rigidity were characteristic of pregnancy, being particularly pronounced in OPH gestosis. The highest incidence of PVCRD progress was observed in pregnant women with the hypokinetic type of systemic hemodynamics, being 30% in normal pregnancy and reaching 48% in OPH gestosis vs. 8.3 and 16.6 and 16.6 and 22.7% in the hyper- and eukinetic types, respectively.