[Results of carotid endarterectomy in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis based on data of neuropsychological status and electrophysiologic indices]. / Rezul'taty karotidnoi éndarteréktomii u bol'nykh s obliteriruiushchim aterosklerozom, po dannym neiropsikhologicheskogo statusa i élektrofiziologicheskikh pokazatelei.

The clinical picture and functional indices were investigated in 22 patients with hemodynamically significant stenosis of the major arteries of the carotid basin before and after carotid endarterectomy at the period up to 3 years. It was shown that medical efficiency of the carotid endarterectomy was more pronounced in patients with the intact compensatory blood flow.

[Changes in the biochemical composition of the cerebrospinal fluid in acute carbophos poisoning]. / Izmeneniia biokhimicheskogo sostava tserebrospinal'noi zhidkosti pri ostrom otravlenii karbofosom.

As far as the pathogenesis of poisonings with organophosphorus pesticides is concerned, in addition to irreversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AGE) in tissues, of importance are changes in the other systems which essentially determine the outcome of intoxication. The purpose of the present study was to examine the nature of changes occurring in total protein and protein fractions, free amino acids (aspartic and glutamic acids, glycine, isoleucine, leucine) and in certain enzymes (AST, ALT, CP, GGTP, GDH) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with acute Malathion insecticide poisoning. 137 patients aged 20 to 50 years were placed under observation. There were 77 men and 60 women. 40 persons had poisoning of medium gravity and 97 were severely poisoned. The intake of the CSF was performed on days 1, 3, 10, 14 and 21 since the disease onset. It has been established that in acute Malathion insecticide poisoning, the CSF content of the stimulating mediator amino acids, aspartic and glutamic, rises within the early periods, whereas the concentration of the inhibitory mediator glycine decreases. The changes in protein fractions of the CSF are characterized by a fall of the content of globulins and a rise of albumins, thus attesting to the predominance of pathological processes in the brain, especially in the initial period of intoxication, and to the impairment of the blood-brain barrier. The development of intoxication is associated with activation in the CSF of LDN, CP, GGTP and GDH as well as by activation of LDH isozymes which is viewed as the result of the membranotoxic effect of a Malathion insecticide.

[The pathophysiological basis for the treatment of patients with a vertebrogenic pain syndrome localized in the lumbosacral region]. / Patofiziologicheskoe obosnovanie lecheniia bol'nykh s vertebrogennym bolevym sindromom poiasnichno-kresttsovoi lokalizatsii.

Experience of treatment of 84 patients with radicular syndrome of lumbo-sacral localization revealed the efficacy of multifactorial effect on different structures of the nervous system responsible for generation and realization of pain impulsation. Treatment was carried out with consideration of pathogenetic factors forming the pain syndrome, namely, compression of the root, functional blocks, spinal reactive aseptic epiduritis, arterial dyscirculation, disorders of venous outflow, psychogenic factors.

[Various biochemical indicators of the cerebrospinal fluid in acute carbophos poisoning]. / Nekotorye biokhimicheskie pokazateli tserebrospinal'noi zhidkosti pri ostrom otravlenii karbofosom.

The study was performed to evaluate the levels of some enzymes (AST, ALT, HGTP, LDG) and free amino acids (aspartic, glutaminic, glycine, isoleucine, leucine) in liquor of 37 subjects who got poisoned with a Malathion insecticide. Their condition was diagnosed as moderate and severe. The liquor was obtained on poisoning day 1, 3, 10, 14 and 21. The liquor levels of enhancement mediatory amino acids, aspartic and glutaminic, rise early in poisoning, while concentration of inhibition mediator glycine tends to decline. Progress of intoxication brings about a rise in LDG and GGTP activity attributed to a membranotoxic effect of the insecticide.

[Clinico-morphologic and histochemical changes in the neuromuscular apparatus in acute carbophos poisoning]. / Kliniko-morfologicheskie i gistokhimicheskie izmeneniia nervno-myshechnogo apparata pri ostrom otravlenii karbofosom.

Clinical analysis of 378 acute cases of Malathion insecticide intoxication and pathological and histochemical investigation of skeletal muscles in 7 autopsied victims of acute poisoning have revealed the pronounced neuromuscular disorders. Generalized paresis and paralysis of muscles were observed in trunk and limbs. Muscular fasciculation, hypotonia and hyporeflexia were also generalized. Multiple foci of muscular fibers necrosis and necrobiosis were found with intermuscular nerves and motor endings degenerated, neuromuscular junctions cholinesterase sharply inactivated.

[Histopathology of the skeletal musculature in acute peroral carbophos poisoning]. / Gistopatologiia skeletnoi muskulatury pri ostrom peroral'nom otravlenii karbofosom.

Clinical studies of 378 patients with acute carbophose poisoning were carried out, as well as histological studies of striated muscles (gastrocnemius, anterior tibial, intercostal and phrenic) from 7 poisoned with lethal outcome due to acute oral intake of carbophose (malation). Besides, deltoid muscles (biopsy samples) of 2 severely poisoned with carbophose patients were studied histologically. Generalized paresis and paralysis of muscles of the body and the extremities, fasciculations, muscular hypotonia were found. Histologic studies revealed extensive vascular lesions, marked necrotic and necrobiotic changes in sceletal muscles and degenerative changes in the intermuscular nerve Fibers and motor endings.

[Morphological changes in the nervous system in acute peroral chlorophos poisoning]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia nervnoi sistemy pri ostrom peroral'nom otravlenii khlorofosom.

The nervous system of 14 patients who died from acute poisoning with chlorophos (Dipterex) taken orally was studied morphologically. Considerable vascular disorders, congestive plethora, perivascular edema, degeneration of collagenous and elastic fibers of vascular walls, as well as diffuse changes in brain and spinal cord cells, and in sensitive and vegetative ganglia were found. Acute swelling, severe ischemic changes were the most common forms of the cellular pathology. Pathomorphology of nervous fibers was manifested by moderate destruction of myelin sheaths of the spinal cord lateral columns, brain peduncles, and by structural changes in the axons of peripheral nerves.

[Morphologic changes in the nervous system in acute carbophos poisoning]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia nervnoisistemy pri ostrykh otravleniiakh karbofosom.

The nervous system of 13 patients who died of an acute oral intoxication with carbophos was subjected to morphological examinations. Vascular changes were expressed as congestive plethora, perivascular edema and microfocal hemorrhages. Cellular abnormalities mainly included acute swelling, severe ischemic and hydropic alterations. Pathomorphology of the fibers was manifested in foci of secondary demyelinization in the internal capsule, lateral columns of the spinal cord and the peripheral nerves of the extremities.

[Neurologic disorders in acute dichloroethane poisoning]. / Nevrologicheskie rasstroistva pri ostrom otravlenii dikhlorétanom.

The paper deals with a study of the nervous system in 121 patients with acute poisening with dichlorethane. Among the studied contingent there were 110 males and 11 females. According to the severity of the intoxication the patients were divided into 3 groups: mild--23 cases, moderate--11 cases, severe--87 cases. The following 6 neurological syndromes were distinguished: comatose, convulsive, atactic, extrapyramidal, psychotic and asthenic with vegetative-vascular insufficiency. Morphological studies detected the following: congestion plethora, vascular dystonia, microfoci hemorrhages, acute swelling of the nervous cells with signs of chromatolyses, shrunk cells, severe and ischemic change of the nervous cells. The treatment consisted in an accelerated elimination of dichlorethane from the organism and symptomatic therapy. The results of these studies demonstrated that in poisoning with dichlorethane there were diffuse, mainly dystrophic changes in the cells of the brain and spinal cord, which clinically may be expressed by symptoms of a lesion of many systems and may be qualified as toxic encephalomyelopathy.

[Morphologic changes in the nervous system in acute oral poisoning with dichloroethane]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia nervnoi sistemy pri ostrykh peroral'nykh otravleniiakh dikhlorétanom.

The nervous system of 14 patients dying of acute oral poisoning with dichloroethane was examined morphologically. Considerable vascular disorders (perivascular edema, congestive plethora, vascular dystony, small focal hemorrhages) and diffuse changes in the cerebral cells were found. The main forms of parenchymatous changes in the brain and spinal cord were acute swelling, shrinking, severe disease and ischemic changes in the nerve cells which occurred within 3--6 hours after taking dichlorethane. Pathomorphology of fibers of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves was presented by moderately marked myelin degeneration.

[Changes in the nervous system in acute oral chlorophos poisoning (clinical and pathomorphologic findings)]. / Izmeneniia nervnoi sistemy pri ostrykh peroral'nykh otravleniiakh khlorofosom (klinicheskie i patomorfologicheskie dannye

In 136 patients with acute peroral poisoning by chlorofos with a light, moderate and severe degree there were symptoms of muscarine-nicotinelike action in the early periods of intoxication. In the postintoxicational period polyneuritis and astheno-vegetative syndromes could develop. There were also pathomorphological changes in the different parts of the nervous system detected in autopsy cases and characterized by perivascular and parenchymatous swelling and changes of the nervous cells of the brain and spinal cord of the type of acute disturbances. In some of the nervous cells there was a lysis of the cellular body and nucleus.