[Actual problems of cardiovascular risk in urban population of Ukrain].

AIM: To study cardiovascular (CV) risk in urban population of Ukraine. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a framework of Ukrainian-Russian study conducted in 2009-2013 we registered levels of 20 factors of CV risk in a sample of population of Dnepropetrovsk (n = 1000, 468 men, 532 women, age 30-69 years) and assessed prevalence of very high risk using all variants of the SCORE scale. RESULTS: Factors of CV risk could be distributed into 3 groups according to their prevalence in adult population. Group 1--present in approximately 70% of a population sample: abdominal obesity (criteria of European Society of Cardiology [ESC]), hypercholesterolemia, elevation of low density lipoprotein cholesterol. Group 2--present in about 40% of population sample: abdominal obesity (ATP 3 criteria), arterial hypertension, insulin resistance assessed by HOMA index. Group 3--present in ≤ 30% of population sample: hypertriglyceridemia, abnormal glucose tolerance, smoking, lowering of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, hyperuricemia, and diabetes. CONCLUSION: Analysis of prevalence of risk factors and calculation of CV risk in accordance with ESC recommendations (2012) with the use of all three variants of SCORE allowed to estimate dimension of a cohort with high risk of fatal CV complications as 30% of urban population of Ukraine. This should serve as a basis for further multicenter studies and long-term preventive programs.

[Outpatient 24-hr monitoring of arterial blood pressure in women with arterial hypertension during postmenopausal period]. / Sutochnyi ambulatornyi monitoring arterial'nogo davleniia u zhenshchin s arterial'noi gipertenziei v postmenopauzal'nom periode.

The article is dedicated to a pressing problem of arterial hypertension in the postmenopausal period. Our objective in this study was identifying of special features of the course of arterial hypertension by data secured from a 24-hr monitoring of AH in those women in the post-menopausal period of both surgical and natural genesis. Those women with a surgical menopause had a higher level of AH in the diastole, with that in the systole being the same as in the control group in spite of the fact that the former women were at about the same age, as evidenced by results of the study made. The load indices were also higher, which fact suggested to us, first, a gravier course of AH in those women with a natural menopause and second, that removal of ovaries at the child-bearing age is a prognostically unfavourable factor.

[Treatment of mild and moderate hypertension with enalapril (multicenter study of enap and enap N in Ukraine)]. / Lechenie miagkoi i umerennoi arterial'noi gipertonii énalaprilom (mnogotsentrovoe issledovanie énapa i énapa-N na Ukraine).

AIM: Assessment of efficiency and safety of enalapril (enap) and its combination with hydrochlorotiaside (enap-N). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 127 patients with mild and moderate blood hypertension entered an open non-comparative multicenter trial. 60 of them received enap (group 1), 67--enap N (group 2). Group 1 patients were given enap for 2 weeks in a dose 10 mg/day. If this dose was not adequate to normalize blood pressure, it was raised to 20-40 mg/day. Patients of group 2 received enap-N one tablet a day for 3 weeks. If the pressure persisted higher than 140/90 mm Hg, the treatment was continued for 3 weeks more in a dose of 2 tablets a day. RESULTS: Blood pressure lowered under 140/90 mm Hg in 40 patients of group 1 (66.7%). Systolic pressure dropped by 10 mm Hg minimum and diastolic by 5 mm minimum in 18 group 1 patients (30%). Enap-N reduced blood pressure under 140-90 mm Hg in 44 of 67 patients (65.7%). Systolic and diastolic pressure dropped, respectively, in 23(34.3%) patients. CONCLUSION: Enap and enap-N tablets were found highly effective and well tolerated. Side effects were caused by lowering of blood pressure.

[Hormones of the hypophyseo-adrenal system and their role in postnatal adaptation of newborns]. / Gormony épifizarno-nadpochechnikovoi sistemy i ikh rol' v postnatal'noi adaptatsii novorozhdennykh.

The levels of hormones of melatonin (MT), ACTH, aldosterone (AS) and cortisol were investigated in the blood plasma of mature and premature newborns as well as in foremilk and milk of lactating women using a radioimmunoassay. Maximum concentrations of these hormones in mature infants were noted by the 1st-3rd day, decreasing on the 5th-7th day. The same regularity was observed in premature infants (I-II degree of prematurity). Lower concentrations of these hormones were observed in very premature infants. A conclusion has been made that breast milk is an important link between a mother and an infant in terms of supplying infants with lactogenic hormones.