[Monitoring of dose loads of patients in mammography]. / Kontrol' dozovykh nagruzok patsientov pri mammografii.

Dosimetric data obtained experimentally and needed in calculating the efficient irradiation doses applicable to patients in film mammography are elucidated in the paper. The values of individual effective doses are defined with respect to the sizes of the mammary gland, regimes of X-ray examinations and sensitivity of the "screen-film" system. Recommendations are provided for choosing the optimal regimes ensuring high-quality images and for minimal dose loads of patients' irradiation.

[The verification of the parameters of x-ray mammography apparatus as used in an office]. / Proverka parametrov rentgenomammograficheskikh apparatov v usloviiakh kabineta.

The authors verified whether on 07-492 digital kilovoltmeter can be used for controlling mammographic apparatuses and an 18-222 tissue-equivalent phantom (Victoreen) can be employed for mammography.

[Improvement of the transthoracic method of puncture sanitation in complex treatment of lung abscess]. / Usovershenstvovannyi sposob transtorakal'noi punktatsionnoi sanatsii v kompleksnom lechenii abstsessa legkogo.

A method of transthoracic puncture sanitation treatment of the cavity of a lung abscess with the use of a needle of an original design and the proteolytic enzyme karipazyme (0.5% solution) is suggested. Fifty-two patients with abscess of the lung (main group) were treated by this method, 46 (88.4 +/- 4.4%) were cured, in 5 (9.6 +/- 4.1%) transformation to a chronic abscess occurred, one patient (1.9 +/- 1.7%) died. Transthoracic puncture with a commonly used needle and administration of antibiotics into the cavity of the abscess were performed in 57 patients (control group). Thirty-eight patients (66.7 +/- 9%; p less than 0.05) recovered, chronic abscess formed in 14 patients (27.6 +/- 5.9; p less than 0.05), 5 patients (8.7 +/- 3.7%) died. The duration of treatment of patients in the main group was reduced by 16.1 days. The method of skin coloured liquid-crystal thermography was employed in 28 patients to determine the optimal point for puncturing the abscess, as the result of which complications were avoided and the number of failures in puncture of the lung destruction cavity reduced by half.

[Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the vaginal portion of the uterus ]. / A portio vaginalis uteri malignus non-Hodgkin lymphomája.

A case of a 43 years old woman with malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the portio vaginalis uteri is presented. No systemic involvement could be established. Cases like this were regarded as being extremely rare till now. In the future however increasing frequency among immunodeficient patients may be expected.

[Treatment of patients with lung abscess by local administration of papain]. / Lechenie bol'nykh abstsessom legkogo s mestnym primeneniem enzima papaina.

Under study were results of treatment of 109 patients with lung abscess aged from 17 to 76 years. All the patients were treated by active antiinflammatory therapy, bronchosanitation measures. In addition, local treatment by transthoracal punctures and drainage of the abscess cavity was used. Patients of the main group (52 patients) were given transthoracal injections of 0.5% solution of papain. The inclusion of papain in the complex therapy of patients with a lung abscess allowed to improve results of the treatment of this severe disease. The method may be recommended for wide use in pulmonology.

[Immediate and long-term results of the treatment of patients with lung abscess]. / Neposredstvennye i otdalennye rezul'taty lecheniia bol'nykh s abstsessom legkogo.

The immediate results of conservative (116 subjects) and surgical (37 subjects) treatment of patients with lung abscesses were studied and the remote outcomes were followed up for periods of 1 to 8 years in 104 therapeutically treated and 33 surgically treated patients. 13.7 and 40.4 per cent of the patients, respectively, were discharged from the hospital after complete and clinical recovery. In 41.6 per cent of the patients, chronic abscesses were stated. 4.3 per cent of the patients died. After the surgical treatment postoperative complications were observed in 51.3 per cent of the patients, fatal outcomes were stated in 10.8 per cent and 21.7 per cent of the patients were qualified as invalids. In the remote periods complete and clinical recovery was stated in 26.8 and 52.8 per cent of the patients respectively, 4 (4.1 per cent) patients died and 7.4 per cent of the patients previously engaged in manual work and 3.0 per cent of the patients previously engaged in mental work were qualified as permanent invalids.

[Use of urea in the treatment of patients with suppurative diseases of the lungs and pleura]. / Primenenie mocheviny pri lechenii bol'nykh s nagnoitel'nymi zabolevaniiami legkikh i plevry.

Under analysis were results of treatment of 96 patients with suppurative diseases of the lungs and pleura. The 30% solution of urea was locally used in 59 patients as pleural punctures, introduction of the solution through drains into the purulent cavity by dropping irrigation of bronchi and tamponage of open purulent cavities. Gram-positive microorganisms were found to die in the 30% solution of urea within 30 min.--3 h, gram-negative ones--within 30 min.--1 h. The introduction of urea directly into the purulent infection focus against the background of general therapy allowed to quickly block the acute phase of the suppurative process, to prepare the patients to planned operations and to reduce the amount of postoperative complications as compared with a control group of patients who were treated by routine local antiseptic drugs.