[Assessment of Clinical Outcomes of Surgically Treated Rockwood Type III Acromioclavicular Dislocation with or without Coracoclavicular Ligament Suture]. / Zhodnocení klinických výsledku operacne resených akromioklavikulárních luxací typu Rockwood III se suturou ci bez sutury korakoklavikulárního vazu.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation and its surgical treatment still raises a number of questions that remain to be answered. In some types of dislocations, Rockwood type III in particular, the indication for surgical treatment as such is relative. There are numerous techniques and implants available for the reconstruction of AC joint. In our research we focused on the necessity of coracoclavicular (CC) joint reconstruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this paper, a cohort of 56 patients with Rockwood type III AC joint injury who underwent surgical treatment at our department in 2010-2016 period was retrospectively evaluated. The patients were treated with open reduction with AC joint stabilisation using hook plate or tension band. The patients were divided into 2 groups, namely group 1 with CC ligament reconstruction and group 2 without CC ligament reconstruction. The assessment was done at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after surgery. The clinical outcomes were assessed based on the absolute Constant score (CS) and coracoclavicular distance (CCD) on the X-ray. Subsequently, the outcomes were statistically processed and compared using the Student s ttest. RESULTS The least invasive surgical intervention, as to the length of incision, was the reconstruction using the hook plate without CC ligament suture, whereas the longest incision was performed in tension band with CC ligament suture. In the CC ligament suture group, the mean operative time was 10 minutes longer. When evaluating the CS of the compared groups with and without CC ligament reconstruction, no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) was found between the two groups. Similarly, the CCD values at 2-year follow-up did not show any statistically significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The available outcomes suggest that the surgical methods used by us are adequately safe and reliable. Good clinical outcomes can be achieved by open reduction and fixation of Rockwood type III AC joint dislocation even without CC ligament reconstruction. Key words: acromioclavicular dislocation, classification, reconstruction, coracoclavicular ligament.

[Use of cultured human autologous bone marrow stem cells in repair of a rotator cuff tear: preliminary results of a safety study]. / Pouzití kultivovaných lidských autologních kmenových bunek kostní drene pri rekonstrukci ruptury rotátorové manzety - studie bezpecnosti metody, predbezné výsledky.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Rotator cuff tears are one of the most frequent shoulder disorders which are often associated with pain and interfere with proper arm function. In order to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of using cultured human autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) applied to the suture site during arthroscopic repair of a rotator cuff tear, a prospective clinical study was designed and started recently at the authors' department. Its primary goal was to evaluate the safety of using cultured human MSCs, the secondary goal then was to study a therapeutic effect of their application. Preliminary results of the study on a limited number of patients are presented here. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ten patients who met the indication criteria for arthroscopic repair of a rotator cuff tear were included in the study. In addition, they also had to meet inclusion and lack exclusion criteria. According to the protocol, their bone marrow was harvested at 3 to 4 weeks before surgery. Subsequently, an arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff tear was performed and an suspension of cultured MSCs was applied to the suture site at the end of the procedure. The isolation of MSCs from bone marrow and their cultivation was carried out by the company Bioinova, Ltd. The patients were followed up at 6 weeks and 3 and 6 months post-operatively. Their clinical assessment included physical examination of the shoulder, pain intensity evaluation according to the visual analogue scale (VAS), and subjective questionnaires for Constant and University of California (UCLA) scores. All patients underwent MRI examination at 6 post-operative months to evaluate the quality of rotator cuff reconstruction. The findings were compared with the pre-operative results. RESULTS A final evaluation was made in eight patients of 10. Two patients were excluded from the study because their exclusion criteria were fulfilled. The evaluated patients showed significantly better clinical outcomes as early as 6 weeks after surgery; also all pre-operative scores were improved at 3 and 6 months. The average values at 6 months post-operatively were: 0 points for the VAS score, 32 for the UCLA score and 84 for the Constant score. The MRI findings at 6 months after surgery showed fully healed and well-integrated tissue of the rotator cuff tendon attachment in all eight patients. No adverse effects of therapy were recorded during the follow-up period. DISCUSSION The use of autologous stem cells and growth factors in the treatment of tendons, muscles and cartilage is currently the topic of many experimental studies on animal models. Its utilisation in human clinical trials has been reported only marginally; the relevant studies have so far used only suspensions of non-cultured mononuclear cells. Our study, although on a smallsize patient group, provides evidence that human cultured autologous MSCs can safely be used for tissue repair in the indications mentioned above. CONCLUSIONS Our preliminary short-term results show that using human cultured autologous MSCs in the treatment of rotator cuff tears is safe. However, further research is needed, particularly with regard to the effectiveness of the method. Key words: rotator cuff tear, arthroscopic repair, mesenchymal stem cells, tendon, cell therapy.

Murder-suicide of the jealous paranoia type: a multicenter statistical pilot study.

The authors present a pilot statistical study of murder-suicide comprising 32 cases from the years 1990-1992, collected from the offices of the medical examiners of seven counties in five of the United States. The study includes brief reviews of previous statistical surveys of murder, murder-suicide, and suicide. This present study's conclusions parallel the findings of previous research on the demographic characteristics of the perpetrators of murder-suicide, the relationship between killers and victims, the types of weapon used, locations of the incidents, and the time intervals between the murder and suicide. It also highlights the similarities between the characteristics of the perpetrator of murder-suicide and those of persons who commit only suicide, supporting the thesis that murder-suicide is an extended suicide. Suggestions for prevention of such a type of crime are offered.