Cancer of the penis associated with HIV: a report of three cases presenting at the CHU cocody, ivory coast.

BACKGROUND: We describe three cases of advanced penile cancer associated with HIV infection. CASE PRESENTATION: Advanced penile cancer associated with VIH infection were discovered in three patients aged respectively 47, 56 and 40. The prognosis was extremely poor. Two patients died without receiving any treatment and one patient was lost to follow-up after refusing all treatment proposed. CONCLUSION: There appears to be a link between HIV infection and penile cancer with concomitant HIV infection worsening the prognosis of the disease.

[Evolution aspect of anatomy clinical lesions of urogenital fistula (UGF) in Cocody Teaching Hospital urological unity from 1990 to 2011]. / Aspect évolutif des lésions anatomo-cliniques des fistules urogénitales (FUG) dans le service d'urologie du CHU de Cocody de 1990 à 2011.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare anatomy pathological lesions seeing in urogenital fistula in Cocody Teaching Hospital between two decades, 1990 to 2000 and 2000 to 2010. MATERIEL AND METHOD: This survey is retrospective and carries on 20 years (January 1990 to December 2011) 190 urogenital fistulas (140 cases between 1990 and 1999; 50 from 2000 to 2011) hospitalized in our unity. Anatomy clinical characteristics of these fistulas were determined by clinical or paraclinical examination. RESULTS: Between 1990 and 1999, fistulas were classified in 20 bladder-uterine fistulas (14.29%), 16 uretro-vaginal fistulas (11.43%) and 104 bladder-vaginal fistulas (74.29%) of whom 80 isolated UGFs and 24 UGFs associated with recto-vaginal fistula. These 104 UGFs were located at: bladder neck 22 cases (21.15%), bladder trigonal 46 cases (44.23%), urethra 14 cases (13.46%). Twenty-two bladder sphincter were destroyed and represented 21.15% of fistula's bladder-vaginal fistula and 15.71% of all UGFs. The average fistula diameter was 3 cm [extremes: 1 and 12 cm]. In 22 cases (15.71%), fistula diameter was more than 10 cm. It was bladder neck and sphincter destruction. Hundred and twenty-six fistulas were isolated (90%). Only 10% (14 cases) were associated. Fistulas were primitive in 85.71% of cases (120/140), recurrent in 7 cases (7.86%) and multi-recurrent (>3 reinterventions) in 9 cases (6.43%). From 2001 to 2011, no bladder-uterine fistulas were seen, but: 6 (13.95%) isolated uretero-vaginal fistulas and 6 (13.95%) uretero-vaginal fistulas associated with bladder-vaginal fistula, 31 (62%) bladder-vaginal fistulas of whom 20 (64.52%) bladder trigonal fistulas, 6 (19.34%) retro-trigonal fistulas and 2 (6.45%) urethral fistulas. Only three (9,68%) recto-vaginal fistulas were associated. The average fistula diameter was 2 cm. The fistulas were isolated in 40 cases (80%) and associated (VVF+uretero vaginal F) in 10 cases (20%). Thirty-five cases (70%) were primitive and 10 cases (20%) recurrent of whom 5 (10%) many recurrent. Fistulas were classified in simple fistula in 7 cases (14%) and complex fistula in 43 cases (86%) CONCLUSION: UGF remained relatively frequent in Cocody Teaching Hospital, but the lesions have favorably evolved in the last decade. Simple type of fistula became more frequent than complex ones. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

Les traumatismes de l'appareil genito-urinaire : aspects epidemiologiques et lesionnels

Objectif: Analyser la frequence; les etiologies et les types de lesions observees lors des traumatismes de l'appareil urinaire et genital. Patients et methodes: Etude retrospective portant sur 38 victimes de traumatisme de l'appareil genito-urinaire traites entre avril 2000 et decembre 2006 au CHU de Cocody; Abidjan; Cote d'Ivoire. Les parametres etudies ont ete: l'age; le sexe; la profession; les causes des traumatismes; le type de lesions constatees; les interventions chirurgicales realisees l'ensemble repertorie sur des fiches de recueil. Resultats: 38 victimes de traumatisme de l'appareil genito-urinaire ont ete enregistrees sur l'ensemble des 16425 traumatises; soit une prevalence de 0;2. Il s'agissait de 37 hommes et d'une femme avec un age moyen de 26;9 ans (extremes: 5-63 ans). Les patients etaient pour la plupart victimes d'accidents de la voie publique (AVP) (16 cas; 42;1); ensuite 11 patients (28;9) ont eu un accident de travail. Les agressions etaient responsables de 9 victimes soit 23;7des traumatises urogenitaux. Chez 2 patients (5;3) le traumatisme a ete engendre par un accident de sport. L'uretre et la vessie etaient le plus souvent atteints (81;6des cas); pendant que les traumatismes du rein et des organes genitaux externes ont ete observes respectivement dans 7;9et 10;5des cas. 25 cas (65;8) ont eu des fractures de bassin associees. Tous les traumatismes etaient directs dont 29 fermes (76;3) et 9 penetrants (23;78). Les gestes chirurgicaux realises etaient en particulier les uretrorraphies termino-terminales (20 cas; 52;6). Conclusion : les traumatismes de l'appareil uro-genital sont rares; surviennent surtout chez les hommes jeunes victimes d'accidents de la voie publique et de travail. Ces traumatismes peuvent etre responsables de sequelles fonctionnelles invalidantes

Tumeurs malignes du testicule en Côte d'Ivoire: aspect anatomo-pathologique à propos de 54 cas

Objectif : Le but de cette étude est d'étudier les caractéristiques histologiques du cancer du testicule en Côte d'Ivoire. Matériel et méthodes : Cette étude rétrospective porte sur les dossiers de 54 patients âgés en moyenne de 23,41 ans (extrêmes 13 mois et 68 ans) avec des tumeurs malignes du testicule, colligés en 25 ans dans les services d'Anatomie pathologique de Côte d'Ivoire. Les renseignements suivants ont été évalués: l'âge, l'origine géographique des patients ainsi que les caractéristiques cliniques des tumeurs telles leur localisation, leur nature et leur type histologique. Certaines données telles que les marqueurs tumoraux et la stadification de la maladie n'ont pas été prises en compte. Résultats : En moyenne deux tumeurs ont été diagnostiquées par an. Sur le plan histologique, 87% des tumeurs sont primitives. On y distingue: 46,3% de tumeurs germinales parmi lesquelles les tumeurs germinales non séminomateuses sont prédominantes avec un taux de 24.07% de l'ensemble des cas et les séminomes 22.22% des cas; et 40.74% de tumeurs non germinales avec 18,5% de rhabdomyosarcomes. Les tumeurs secondaires représentent 13,9% des tumeurs du testicule de notre série. Il s'agit essentiellement de localisations secondaires des lymphomes de Burkitt (5 cas sur 7). Enfin, l'atteinte bilatérale est importante. La tumeur est bilatérale, d'emblée dans 31% des cas. Conclusion : Il ressort que les tumeurs du testicule sont rares en Côte d'Ivoire, avec une incidence annuelle d'environ deux cas. Elles surviennent chez l'adulte jeune âgé en moyenne de 23 ans et sont souvent de mauvais pronostic à cause de la bilatéralité de leur atteinte. En effet, 31% des tumeurs testiculaires atteignent simultanément les deux testicules

[Study of urogenital fistulas in the Ivory Coast at the end of the 20th century. Results of 70 cases]. / Le point sur les fistules urogénitales en Côte d'Ivoire à la fin du XXe siècle. Résultats de 70 cas.

The urogenital fistulas (UGF), mostly in Africa and particularly in Ivory Coast, still represent a great flail nowadays. However, the authors notice, through a study of 70 cases done in Ivory Coast over (ten) 10 years, that a relative decrease of the impact of the urogenital fistulas troubles still remains a serious affection of young women who can give birth. They are about 30 years old and more; that is to say primipares (44.28%) but over all multipares (54.28%) and poor ones (100%). Most cases are obstetrical causes which expose those women to genital mutilations (25.71%) linked to birth giving difficulties which also bring about many dead born (14.11%) and divorces (20%).

L'operation de nesbit dans le traitement de la coudure de verge : a propos de 39 cas

Objectifs L'evaluation des resultats a long terme de l'operation de Nesbit dans le traitement de la coudure de verge. Patients et Methodes Trente-neuf cas de coudure de verge (20 coudures congenitales et 19 coudures secondaires a la maladie de Lapeyronie) ont ete operes dans le service d'urologie de l'Hopital Edouard Herriot de Lyon sur une periode de 10 ans. L'operation de Nesbit a ete pratique dans 74des cas; et dans les autres cas; une variante de celle-ci. Le principe de l'operation de Nesbit est simple. Il consiste a exciser une pastille ovalaire d'albuginee et de corps caverneux au sommet de l'angle de la coudure. Resultats Le redressement de la verge a ete obtenu et maintenu des la premiere intervention dans 97des cas apres 6 mois. La correction est toujours stable a 10 ans. Un seul cas de raccourcissement important de la verge (2 cm) a ete note. Conclusion L'operation de Nesbit est une intervention fiable; bien codifiee actuellement. Elle donne entre les mains entrainees d'excellents resultats

[Nosocomial urinary stent infection at the urology service of the Cocody University Hospital Center]. / Infection urinaire nosocomiale sur sonde dans le service d'urologie du CHU de Cocody.

One of the most common complication of urinary stent is urinary infection. At the Cocody University, 28 men and 2 females who had a urinary stent were evaluated for urinary infection, bacterial growth, and their sensitivity to antibiotics. In 85.71% of the cases, the bacteriologic analysis was positive for a mean duration of urinary drainage of 32, 62 days (range 03 to 90 days). Bacterial isolates were: 11 cases of Klebsiella spp, 5 cases of Providencia spp; 1 case of Escherichia coli, 1 case of Serratia marcescens. Among these bacteria, 77.78% were resistant to most of the antibiotics. Therefore, stent urinary infection is mostly due to multi resistant bacteria. Treatment needs an adapted antibiotherapy after removal of the causative agent.

[Hazards of lumbar ureteroscopy: apropos of 4 cases of avulsion of the ureter]. / Des dangers de l'urétéroscopie à l'étage lombaire: à propos de 4 cas d'avulsion de l'uretère.

Ureteroscopy is frequently indicated in the treatment of stones of the pelvic ureter. Access to the lumbar ureter is associated with a higher complication rate: wounds, ureteric rupture, haemorrhage, or more serious lesions such as avulsions of the ureter. We present 4 cases of avulsion of the ureter seen in our department, corresponding to 4 men with stones of the lumbar ureter treated by ureteroscopy, 2 of them after failure of in situ extracorporeal lithotripsy (ESWL) and an attempt to "flush" the stone and the other two because ESWL was not available. The ureteric lesion was related to a Dormia catheter in 2 cases and the ureteroscope in 2 cases. The lesion was diagnosed and treated immediately in 2 patients and after a delay in the other 2 cases. Repair consisted of ureteric reimplantation on a Boari flap (1 case), implantation onto a psoas bladder (1 case), ureteroileoplasty (1 case) and autologous transplantation (1 case). Ureteric lesions prevented uretero-ureterostomy. Ureteric reimplantation on psoas bladder and/or Boari flap appears to be the simplest method, but it cannot always be performed. In the case of avulsion of the ureteropelvic junction with a large defect, autologous transplantation is a method of choice in young subjects. Ureteroileoplasty appears to be reserved for elderly patients.

[Malignant kidney tumors in adults in Senegal: diagnostic and therapeutic problems]. / Les tumeurs malignes du rein de l'adulte au Sénégal: problèmes diagnostiques et thérapeutiques.

The aim of this study was to analyze problems posed by adult renal malignant tumors both in the diagnostical and therapeutical viewpoints. We have performed a retrospective study including 48 cases of confirmed renal cancer. Have been included adult patients who presented a cancer of the kidney operated or not. Studied parameters were age, sex, clinical signs, complementary explorations i.e. biology, renal ultrasonography, IVU, Computerized tomography, the operative indication and the prognosis. We have used Robson's staging to classify our patients. The average age was 51 years with extremes of 18 and 83 years. However 60% of them were less than 50 years. Adenocarcinoma was the main histological form encountered. It has been found in 93% of cases. The flank mass has been the mode of discovery in 70.8% of cases. The classic symptomatic triad associating hematuria, pain and the renal mass has been found in 20.8% of cases. Ultrasonography and Intravenous urography (IVU) have allowed to pose the diagnosis in 93.75% of cases. Patients were often referred very late with an average delay of consultation of 14 month. So, 25% of them presented with metastasis at the moment of the diagnosis. Radical nephrectomy was performed in 60% of cases. 40% of patients have not been operated due to the advanced evolution of the tumor. The global mortality to 1 year was estimated at 38%. We conclude that renal malignant tumors in the adulthood, in our practice, presents some particularities. Indeed, patients are referred late when clinical symptoms are sufficiently evocative to suspect the diagnosis. At these advanced stages, there is no curative therapeutic. So, a precocious diagnosis is necessary in order to propose to patients radical nephrectomy which remains the only efficient therapeutical procedure of the localized renal cancer in the adulthood.

[Peyronie's disease and peripheral neuropathies]. / Maladie de Lapeyronie et neuropathies périphériques.

The association between Peyronie's disease and diabetes mellitus or Dupuytren's disease is well described in the literature with a certain frequency. Through our 10 patients with Peyronie's disease, when have noticed that only one of them is undergoing diabetes mellitus and no one has Dupuytren's disease. But 7 of them presented clinical and/or electromyographical signs of peripheral neuropathy. So after clinical examination in neurology and urology, we performed measurement of motor conduction velocity of tibial posterior nerves and peroneal nerves, then, we measured sensitive vetocity of sural nerves and dorsal nerve of the penis and we studied the cortical somesthesic evoked potential of the internal hontous nerve and the sympathetic evoked response of the skin. So we hypothesize that peripheral neuropathy with or without autonomic disorders might be an etiological co-factor of Peyronie's disease.

Interet de la cytologie urinaire dans le diagnostic des cancers vesicaux. [Lettre]

La cytologie urinaire est un examen non invasif; utile dans le diagnostic et dans la surveillance des tumeurs des voies extra-urinaires notamment vesicales. Cette etude retrospective a porte sur 151 prelevements d'urine provenant exclusivement du service d'Urologie du CHU de Cocody et adresses au Laboratoire de Cytologie de la Faculte de Medecine de 1980 a 1990. 20 dossiers (13;2 pour cent) ont ete retenus sur un seul critere: la presence de cellules malignes ou suspectes dans le prelevement urinaire. Au plan epidemiologique; les 20 malades etaient tous des adultes; dont la moyenne d'age etait de 52;8 ans. Le sexe masculin etait predominant (85 pour cent). La symptomatologie dominee par l'hematurie (100 pour cent) etait souvent associee a des lombalgies; une pollakiurie et/ou une dysurie (14 cas sur 20). Des oeufs de bilharzies n'ont pas ete retrouves. Au plan clinique; les diagnostics les plus souvent evoques etaient: les tumeurs vesicales (60 pour cent) et les tumeurs prostatiques avec extension vesicale (20 pour cent). Au plan cytologique; parmi les 20 prelevements retenus; 13 etaient des carcinomes evidents (carcinomes epidermoides vesicaux) et 7 ont paru suspects. L'examen histologique realise dans 7 cas (35 pour cent); a permis de confirmer 5 diagnostics cytologiques (71;42 pour cent) et de deceler 2 faux negatifs (28;57 pour cent). Les correlations cytoclinique: 91 pour cent et cyto-histologique: 71;4 pour cent etaient satisfaisantes pour les cancers vesicaux dans cette etude et ont permis aux auteurs de conclure que l'examen cytologique des urines dans la pathologie tumorale vesicale; demeure un moyen d'investigation fiable et sensible. Il apparait cependant important de sensibiliser les medecins et les auxiliaires de la sante; au bon conditionnement des prelevements afin d'eviter les problemes d'interpretation lies aux alterations cellulaires

[Giant lithiasic diverticulum of the urethra. Apropos of a case]. / Diverticule géant lithiasique de l'urètre. A propos d'un cas.

In the following observation, the authors report one case of lithiasegenic diverticulum. Etiologies (congenital or acquired), complications and principal radiological diagnosis methods are reviewed.