[Askostatin--a fungicide from Streptomyces viridovulgaris]. / Askostatin--fungitsid iz Streptomyces viridovulgaris.

Askostatin is a fungicide isolated from the culture of Streptomyces viridovulgaris. It was separated by the countercurrent distribution procedure into components A and B. By the mass and NMR spectra and the biological findings the components were identified with cycloheximide and isocycloheximide respectively.

[Isolation and study of the properties of the hemagglutinins produced by Streptomyces badius actinomycetes]. / Vydelenie i izuchenie nekotorykh svoistv gemaggliutininov, produtsirumykh aktinomitsetami Streptomyces badius.

Hemagglutinin inducing polyagglutination of erythrocytes in the presence of the group blood sera was isolated from the supernatant of the culture fluid of Streptomyces badius 0626 by precipitation with ammonium sulfate and subsequent chromatography on Sephadex. Hemagglutinin proved to be a protein containing no lipid or carbohydrate components and possessing no bacterioagglutinating ability. Examination of the culture fluid supernatants of 150 cultures did not reveal any strains definitely exhibiting the transformation capability for human blood groups.

[Numerical taxonomy of verticillate actinomycetes]. / O numericheskoi taksonomii mutovchatykh aktinomitsetov.

The paper discusses several methods used in numeric classification of verticillate actinomycetes. A method is suggested to estimate different significance of their characteristics. The use of the principle of nonequivalent characteristics has been found to increase the differentiating role of the most genetically stable traits, which makes it possible to reduce the number of necessary calculations using computers in the numeric taxonomy of actinomycetes. The production of polyene substances is the most informative property in the sampling of actinomycetes under study. The use of the methods of numeric taxonomy yields a system of actinomycetes that is most close to only one among the known systems for phenotypical classification of verticillate actinomycetes; therefore, the latter is a genuine one.

[Streptoverticillium griseoviridum n. sp., a producer of the candidin-amphotericin B group, antifungal heptaene nonaromatic antibiotic 0185]. / Streptoverticillium griseoviridum n. sp.--produtsent protivogribkovogo geptaenovogo nearomaticheskogo antibiotika 0185 gruppy kandidina-amfoteritsina B.

An actinomyceteous strain LIA-0185 producing a heptaenic non-aromatic antibiotic of the candidin type was isolated from a soil sample taken in the Georgian SSR under the programme of screening antifungal antibiotics. The taxonomic study of the strain showed that it belonged to the series of viridoflavum and had the following main taxonomic features: the sporophores in the whorls, straight, remote: the aerial mycelium from yellow to dark-olive-grey; the substrate mycelium olive; the soluble pigment absent; the melanine pigment was produced on the peptone medium; the culture formed H2S; assimilated glucose, mannose, inozide and to a lesser extent fructose; did not assimilate arabinose, xylose, sucrose, lactose, ramnose and raffinose. The strain inhibited the growth of yeast and fungi, grampositive bacteria and actinomycetes and produced a complex of non-aromatic heptaenic antibiotics. The actinomycete differed from the other whorl cultures. It was classified as a new species Sv. griseoviridum sp. nov. The antibiotic complex was a mixture of 2 components, i. e. I and II present approximately in equal amounts. Component II was analogous to candidin. Component I was a new original substance.

[Actinomyces chromogenes var. graecus var. nov., a producer of a new hexaene antibiotic]. / Actinomyces chromogenes var. graecus var. nov.--produtsent novogo geksaenovogo antibiotika.

Actinomycete LIA-O832 was isolated from a soil sample of Greece. By its antimicrobial spectrum, morphological and cultural properties the actinomycete was most close to Act. chromogenes but differed from the latter by the antibiotic and physiological properties. The actinomycete was classified as Actinomyces chromogenes var. nov. The culture produced an antibiotic complex including 4 antibiotics, i.e. a tetraen antibiotic primaricin, a new hexaen named grecomycim and 2 non-polyenic antibiotics, one of which was close to kikumycin and the other was close to aksenomycin. The physico-chemical characteristics of the antibiotics are presented.

[Streptoverticillium albireticuli var. kokandum, a producer of the new antifungal pentaene antibiotic, kokandomycin]. / Streptoverticillium albireticuli var. kokandum--produtsent novogo protivorgribkovogo pentaenovogo antibiotika kokandomitsina

Morphological, cultural and physiological properties of actinomycete L10-0208 were studied. It was shown that actinomycete was a new natural variant. It was named Streptoverticillium alboreticuli var. kokandum. The physico-chemical characteristics of the pentaenic antibiotic are presented and its originality is shown. The antibiotic is named kokandomycin.

[Some characteristics of using polyalcohols as cryoprotectors in preserving Actinomyces noursei LIA-0471]. / Nekotorye osobennosti primeneniia polispirtov v kachestve krioprotektorov pri khranenii Actinomyces noursei LIA-0471

Freezing of Act. noursei cell suspensions at a rate of 0.5 degrees per minute in the presence of various substances showed that 5 per cent concentrations of glycerol, ethylen-, diethylen-, propylenglycol and polyethylenglycols had a cryoprotective effect. Polyethylenglycols with a molecular weight of 1500-20 000 had the highest protective effect on the actinomycetous cells from the damaging action of repeated freezing and thawing. The method of repeated freezing and thawing is recommended for studying the cryoprotective effect of various compounds.

[Streptoverticillium krissii n. sp. forming teleocidins A and B]. / Streptoverticillium krissii n. sp., obrazuiushchii teleotsidiny A i B

The taxonomy of the actinomycete LIA-0371, regarded as a new species Streptoverticillium krissii n. sp., was studied. The culture has straight sporophores assembed into verticils, gray-cream-coloured aerial mycelium and brown colonial mycelium, and produces pentaene 0371, ichtiocide T-0371, and a soluble pigment. Physico-chemical analysis has shown that ichtiocide T-0371 is identical to teleocidins A and B.

[Results of the long laboratory storage of Streptoverticillium hachijoense (Jamaguchi) Baldacci, the producer of trichomycin]. / Rezul'taty dlitel'nogo laboratornogo khraneniia Streptoverticillium hachijoense (Jamaguchi) Baldacci--produtsenta trikhomitsina

Viability, morphologo-cultural features and antibiotic properties of Sv. hachijoense, strain LIA-0052 stored for 10 years in a dry state and in the state of a resting culture were studied. Spores and mycelium of 2-week strains most stable to some chemical and physical factors were used for drying. It was found that viability of strain LIA-0052 was maintained for a longer period of time after lyophilization, in garden soil and agar culture under a layer of mineral oil. By the end of the observation period the viability of the soil culture decreased and the morphologo-cultural properties were stabilized. When the strain was cultivated on media with sucrose, the level of its antibiotic activity increased.