[Gluttony, obesity and the metabolic syndrome in the context of the "seven deadly sins". Historical-theological, literary and art, mass media, political, philosophical, medical-psychological and geriatric aspects of the problem].

In this pape different aspects of problem of obesity are analysed.

[Gastroenterologist diagnosting left atrial myxoma in patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease].

The authors presents the clinical case of the left atrial myxoma diagnosed by gastroenterologist in patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

[Endotoxin (LPS) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis].

Recent data on the processes underlying atherogenesis indicate the significant role of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide - LPS) of the intestinal microflora in the development of vascular lesions. This paper summarizes the literature and material results of their research on the participation of LPS gramnegativnyh bacteria in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. We prove that the LPS of gram-negative bacteria interact with TLR4, triggers cytokine cascade with the subsequent formation of atheroma.

[Geriatric pharmacotherapy].

The number of changes in bodies and fabrics connected with aging or illness processes increases. These changes mention all processes of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. With the increase it slows down processes of absorption, distribution, a metabolism and medical product deducing. All these processes are studied by geriatric pharmacotherapy. As a rule application of medical products for senior citizens demands a special mode of dispensing. Besides at persons of elderly and senile age the distinct tendency to use of a considerable quantity of medicines that increases risk of development of undesirable effects is traced. In connection with the above-stated there is a necessity of studying by doctors practically all specialities bases of modern geriatric pharmacotherapy of investigating feature of influence of various medical products on persons of the senior age groups and conducting search of biologically active means for struggle against organism presenilation, for maintenance at normal level of activity of all its systems.

[Detection of endotoxins of Gram-negative bacteria on the basis of electromagnetic radiation frequency spectrum].

Method of Gram-negative bacteria endotoxins detection on the basis of their own spectrum of electromagnetic radiation frequency was developed. Frequency spectrum typical for chemotype Re glycolipid, which is a part of lypopolysaccharides in the majority of Gram-negative bacteria, was used. Two devices--"Mini- Expert-DT" (manufactured by IMEDIS, Moscow) and "Bicom" (manufactured by Regumed, Germany)--were used as generators of electromagnetic radiation. Detection of endotoxin using these devices was performed by electropuncture vegetative resonance test. Immunoenzyme reaction with antibodies to chemotype Re glycolipid was used during analysis of preparations for assessment of resonance-frequency method specificity. The study showed that resonance-frequency method can detect lypopolysaccharides of different enterobacteria in quantities up to 0.1 pg as well as bacteria which contain lypopolysaccharides. At the same time, this method does not detect such bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus, Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Candida albicans. The method does not require preliminary processing of blood samples and can be used for diagnostics of endotoxinemia, and detection of endotoxins in blood samples or injection solutions.

[Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and tramadol in the treatment of osteoarthrosis deformans in patients with arterial hypertension]. / Nesteroidnye protivovospalitel'nye preparaty i tramadol pri lechenii deformiruiushchego osteoartroza u bol'nykh arterial'noi gipertoniei.

The prohypertensive effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be manifested by the decreased efficiency of antihypertensive therapy. The tactics of their differential use in relation to the its effect on blood pressure (BP) in patients with osteoarthrosis (OA) and arterial hypertension (AH) has not been developed for the most effective and safe therapy. In this connection, it is extremely urgent to study the comparative safety of used NSAIDs as to their prohypertensive effect and to work out the management of patients with AH and OA. Ninety-eight patients with second-third degree OA of the knee and hip joints concurrent with the pain syndrome and first-second grade AH were followed up. Diclofenac, ketoprofen, arthrotec, nimesulide, and meloxicam were used. In a control group, the analgesic tramadol was supplemented to the therapy. AH was controlled by enalapril monotherapy. In groups of patients receiving diclofenac, arthrotec, meloxicam, and ketoprofen, there was a trend for the number of cases of an adequate nocturnal BP lowering (Dipper) to reduce and for those of an inadequate nocturnal BP decrease (Non-dipper), which may be accounted for by the prohypertensive effect of these drugs; this trend was most pronounced in the diclofenac and arthrotec groups. Despite its marked prohypertensive effect, nimesulide did not impair circadian BP variations. The central-acting analgesic tramadol exerted no prohypertensive effect and it did not increase BP values. The prohypertensive effect of the tested NSAIDs and tramadol increases in the following order: tramadol, ketoprofen, meloxicam, nimesulide, arthrotec, diclofenac.

[Endotoxin-induced injury to the endothelium]. / Endotokinindutsirovannye povrezhdeniia éndoteliia.

Literature and own data on endotoxin- induced injuries to endothelium are reviewed. It is shown that endotoxin can cause, hyperactivation of granulocytes, activation of complements, local endothelial injuries and some increase of vascular cell wall permeability, oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and LDL-LPS complexes, binding of LPS with high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and some decrease of HDL ability to bind cholesterol, stimulation of endothelial and smooth muscle cell replication in local injuries to vessel wall. Low doses of endotoxin were found in blood plasma and on granulocytes surface in healthy and sick subjects. It is concluded that intestinal microflora endotoxin may play an essential role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

[The effects of eiconol in elderly patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. / Effekty éikonola u bol'nykh pozhilogo vozrasta pri insulinnezavisimom sakharnom diabete.

A nutritional additive eikonol containing polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3 was given for a month (8 g/day) to correct vascular complications in 60 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Eikonol-treated NIDDM patients with diabetic retinopathy, polyneuropathy, angiopathy of the legs combining with arterial hypertension exhibited a reduction in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low and very low density lipoproteins cholesterol, a rise in concentrations of high density lipoproteins cholesterol. Blood pressure went down, peripheral vascular resistance and microhemocirculation improved. The findings evidence prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of eikonol in vascular complications of NIDDM.

[Experience in the use of eiconol (a complex of unsaturated fatty acids) in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]. / Opyt ispol'zovaniia éikonola (kompleksa nenasyshchennykh zhirnykh kislot) pri insulinezavisimom sakharnom diabete.

Cardiovascular disease is the principal cause of morbidity, functional disability and fatal outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). The results of administration of eikonol, food additive containing omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids, for 3 months were analyzed for 60 elderly NIDDM patients with ischemic heart disease. A single administration of eikonol leads to a decrease in accumulation of intracellular cholesterol by 15%. Diet eikonol decreased the level of total cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood by 23 and 43%, respectively. Moreover, the higher is the initial value of these parameters, the higher is the effect of the preparation. Eikonol proved to increase the level of lipoproteins of high density, produced a positive trends in NIDDM clinical picture. Food additive eikonol is recommended for wide administration in elderly NIDDM patients with atherogenic dyslipidemias.