[Mental and behavioral disorders in idiopathic focal epileptiform spikes].

Clinical correlates of so-called "benign epileptiform spikes in children", centro-temporal (rolandic) spikes and occipital spikes, have been studied in 200 children, aged 3-17 years, with mental, behavioral and neuropsychological disorders without epileptic seizures (non-paroxysmal epileptic disorders). Centro-temporal spikes prevailing in the left hemisphere were observed in older children and predominantly related to verbal and speech disorders. Occipital spikes were observed in younger children mainly in the right hemisphere being related to non-verbal and neuropsychological disorders. In both groups, a wide spectrum of behavioral and mental disorders including speech as well as visual and functional disorders, attention deficit and hyperactivity, global mental delay, difficulties in study was observed, the disorders being combined in some cases. Clinical symptoms in both types of spikes are thought to be related to their localization in the brain cortex, functional hemisphere asymmetry and peculiarities of the child neurodevelopment. The pathological types presented in the study should be named "idiopathic focal epileptiform spikes in children". In all cases, both children with respective forms of epilepsy and those with epileptiform phenomena being not combined with epileptic seizures should undergo encephalographic, neuropsychological and pediatric examination. Should the respective disturbances be found, children would need a treatment directed to the EEG-controlled inhibition of epileptiform activity. The data obtained suggest that this treatment improves children school adaptation and school results. The drugs of choice are valproic acid (depakine chrono), lamotrigine (lamictal), levetiracetam (keppra).

[Microclimate and the mortality among turkey poult broilers]. / Prouchvaniia vurkhu mikroklimatata i smurtnostta pri puicheta broilers.

Zoohygiene studies have been carried out in the course of two years, following up periodically at 20--25-day intervals the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide, the relative humidity, and the temperature within the houses of an industrial animal-breeding complex for the production of broiler turkey-poults. Parallel investigations have aimed at following up the morbidity and mortality rates among the birds. Part of them divided into age groups, have likewise been studied in terms of total protein and protein fractions of the blood serum along with the establishing of the blood bactericidal titer. Dependable values have been found of the interrelationship between the age of the turkey-poults and their mortality rate. The same have proved to be the values expressing the correlation between the air concentration of ammonia gas in the farm houses and the mortality rate shown. It is concluded that the mortality rates established in the turkey combine might probably be due to the action of comlex factors, mainly to inappropriate microclimate and incomplete raising technology that contribute to the appearance and development of pathogenic and occasionally pathogenic agents as well as of some noninfectious diseases.

[Use of gravohormone to increase conception and fertility in cows]. / Prilozhenie na gravokhormona za povishavane zaplodiaemostta i plodovitostta pri kravite.

Tested was the gravohormone preparation (produced in USSR and Bulgaria) to shorten the period from calving to impregnation and raise the conception rate and the fertility in cows. The experiments were carried out with a total of 84 cows (34 of the Bulgarian Red breed and 51 of the Bulgarian Brown breed) under productional conditions. The animals of the first group were injected on the 25th-28th day following calving, singly, i/m, using the Soviet made gravohormone at the rate of 10 IU per kg body weight. The cows of the second group were additionally injected with 1500 IU of the preparation (produced in 0ulgaria) on the 3rd and 6th day following insemination. It was found that the single application of 4000 IU of gravohormone between the 25th and the 28th day after calving shortened the time from calving up to the first insemination by 7.29 days, on an average, and the time from calving to impregnation--by 13.57 days, raising the conception rate at first insemination by 13.50%. The additional twofold injection with 1500 IU each time raised the rate of fertility in cows by 23.58% as against the controls.

[Effect of several drugs and nonspecific substances on the uterine microflora of cows during the puerperal period and at the time of impregnation]. / Vliianie na niakoi lekarstveni i nespetsifichni sredstva vurkhu matochnata mikroflora v puerperalniia period i zaplozhdaneto na kravite.

A total of fifty Bulgarian Brown cows were used to test the effect of some hormonal and therapeutic preparations in combination with unspecific agents, having an irritation effect on the reticuloendothelial system, to establish their action on the quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbial flora of the uterus and the impregnantion of cows after calving. It was found that treatment after normal calving with 200,000 IU vitestrol and 20 IV hypophysin, and after rejection of the placenta with 2 g chloramphenicol, 15 g ac. citricum or sodium citrate and 0.2 g pilocarpinum hydrochloricum, coupled with the injection of 30-40 cm3 Filatov's tissue emulsion 8n the 5th day lowered the microbial count in the uterus by to 30.12% from the 1st to the 5th day and by 6.46 to 12.78% from the 10th to the 20th day. Parallel drop was established in the number of microbial species by 42%. Besides, it was noted that the cases of retentio secundinarum among the test cows and the number of cows with acute endometritis after calving decreased by 12%, on an average, the service period became shorter by 12.04 days, and the rate of conception at first insemination rose by 12% as compared with the controls.

[Effect of glucose and insulin on sheep fertility]. / Vliianie na glikozata i insulina vurkhu zaplodiaemostta na ovtsete.

Tested was the effect of glucose and insulin given in various doses to a total of 372 ewes at the time of artificial insemination of the animals' conception rate. Glucose was administered per os at the rate of 50 to 150 g, once to three times at 50 g, and insulin--via the parenteral route at rates of from 80 up to 160 IU, once or twice at 80 IU, every eight hours from the beginning of estrus. It was found that the oral application of glucose during insemination raised the level of blood sugar in the second half of the estrus cycle by 20.50 to 23.30 per cent, and the rate of conception--by 10.00 to 12.56 per cent more as against the values of these indices in the control animals. The optimal dose proved to be 100 g divided in two portions and administered at an eight-hpur interval. Insulin, injected twice at an 8-hour interval at a dose of 80 IU each time at the time of insemination lowered the level of blood sugar by 25.9 per cent, and the conception rate--by 80.40 per cent as compared with the controls.

[Effect of several biologically active substances on the reactivity and immune response of the body]. / Vliianie na niakoi biologichno aktivni sredstva vurkhu reaktivnostta i imunniia otgovor na organizma.

Experiments were carried out with a total of 140 guinea pigs to study the effect of a tissue emulsion of swine embryos on some of the general defense reactions, the cell and humoral immunity of the organism in the treatment with an intact and a killed (with 3 per cent formalin) vaccine produced with two strains of Salmonella abortus ovis. Investigated were the phagocytic activity of the lung macrophages and the immobile cells of the reticulo-endothelial system in the spleen and the liver, the protein spectrum, the blood serum level of properdine, and the histologic changes in the parenchymal organs of the test animals. It was found that the application of a tissue emulsion simultaneously with the injection of the animals with an anti-Salmonella vaccine raised the unspecific reactivity of the organism. This was expressed with the rise of the gammaglobulin and properdine levels of the blood serum and the change in the immunologic pattern of the organism, an increase in the phagocytic activity of lung macrophages and RES immobile cells from 16 to 25 per cent, and the titer of agglutinins--from 10 to 32 times. Highest agglutinin titers of the blood and most active phagocytic defense were reached with the use of a vaccine having a whole antigen, combined with a tissue emulsion.

[Effect of subtoxic doses of dipterex on guinea pigs]. / Vliianie na subtoksichni dozi diptereks vurkhu morski svincheta

Chronic experiments were carried out with 62 guinea pigs (31 test and 31 control animals) which were given dipterex orally for 60 days at the rate of 100 mg/kg each. The effect was followed up of dipterex on the bactericidal properties of the blood, the phagocytic activity of some organs of the reticulo-endothelial system, the serum cholinesterase, the alkaline phosphatase, the hemoglobin and hematocrit values of the blood, and the proteinogram of the blood serum. A neglible drop of the gamma-globin fraction of the serum and the phagocytic activity of the immobile cells of the RES of the spleen and liver was found. The hemoglobin content decreased by 13.5 per cent, while the hematocrit value remained unchanged. At the amount given above dipterex suppressed by 50 per cent the activity of the serum cholinesterase, and increased by 36 per cent that of the alkaline phosphatase.

[Influence of the biological activity of substances on the puerperal period and fertility of cows]. / Vliianie na biologichno aktivni sredstva v'rkhu puerperalniia period i zaplozhdaneto na kravite

Experiments were carried out to shorten the service period and increase the conception rate in 304 cows under productional conditions with the use of drugs, hormonal means, and preparations producing unspecific effects on the reticulo-endothelial system, immediately after giving birth. It was found that: the parenteral treatment of cows one to three hours following calving with 200,000 IU vitestrol and 15-20 IU hypophysin, on the one hand, and (after the removal of the placenta) the infusion into the uterus of 1-2 g chloramphenicol, 15 g ac. citricum of Na citricum and 0.2 g pilocarpinum hydrochloricum, emulsified in 20-30 cu. cm oil emulsion of vitamins A, D3 and E, and the injection by the fifth day after calving of 30-40 cu. cm of tissue emulsion prepared after Filatov with the use of bovine liver or swine embryos, on the other, decreased the "independences" period with 7.01 days, the service period -- with 27.50 days, and the index of insemination -- with 0.60. At the same time the conception rate resulting from the first insemination rose by 25.20 per cent as compared to the untreated animals. The prophylactic veterinary treatment of cows thus contributed in decreasing the cases of retentio secundinarum after calving by 6.2 per cent, and the cases of acute endometritis -- by 12.9 per cent. Treatment of cows after calving, using hormonal, chemiotherapeutic, and biogenic stimulators, contributes, along with other means to raise the annual number of calves per 100 cows up to ten.

[Influence of tissue emulsions on the phagocytic activity of the RES]. / Vliianie na t'kannata emulsiia v'rkhu fagotsitarnata aktivnost na RES

Radiometric, microbiologic, biochemical and morphologic investigations were carried out with a total of 95 guinea pigs and 20 rabbits in order to study the effect of the biogenic stimulants after Filatov on the phagocytic activity of the reticulo-endothelial system. Use was made of a tissue emulsion of swine embryos with biologic activity up to 160 per cent and a microbial stain - Escherichia coli 078. The labeling of the microorganisms was effected by means of 32P as obtained from Na2 H32PO4. It was found that the parenteral treatment of the animals with tissue emulsion after Filatov leads to the enhancement of the phagocytic activity and the lysing of the phagocytised bacteria by the elements of the reticulo-endothelial system by 7 to 10 per cent more than was observed with the use of control animals. The biogenic stimulants after Filatov activate the plasmocytic reaction of the body and the development of ribonucleoproteids in the parenchymal organs, and raise the level of properdin and gamma-globulins in the blood of the treated animals.