RESUMO
Nuclear medicine techniques are becoming more important in imaging oncological and infectious diseases. For metabolic imaging of these diseases, antibody and peptide imaging are currently used. In recent years peptide imaging has become important, therefore the rationale for the use of peptide imaging is described in this article. Criteria for a successful peptide tracer are a high target specificity, a high binding affinity, a long metabolic stability and a high target-to-background ratio. Tracer internalization is also beneficial. For oncological imaging, many tracers are available, most originating from regulatory peptides, but penetrating peptides are also being developed. Peptides for imaging inflammatory and infectious diseases include regulatory peptides, antimicrobial peptides and others. In conclusion, for the imaging of oncological, imflammatory and infectious diseases, many promising peptides are being developed. The ideal peptide probe is characterized by rapid and specific target localization and binding with a high tumour-to-background ratio.
Assuntos
Peptídeos/uso terapêutico , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/uso terapêutico , Peptídeos Catiônicos Antimicrobianos , Bombesina , Colecistocinina/análogos & derivados , Peptídeo Liberador de Gastrina , Peptídeo 1 Semelhante ao Glucagon , Humanos , Infecções/diagnóstico por imagem , Inflamação/diagnóstico por imagem , Marcação por Isótopo , Neoplasias/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Cintilografia/métodos , Cintilografia/tendências , Somatostatina/análogos & derivados , Peptídeo Intestinal VasoativoAssuntos
Hiperinsulinismo Congênito/diagnóstico por imagem , Radioisótopos de Flúor , Levodopa , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Hiperinsulinismo Congênito/classificação , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Lactente , Pâncreas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/normas , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Biochemical cellular targets and more general metabolic processes in cancer cells can be visualised. Extensive data are available on molecular imaging in preclinical models. However, innovative tracers move slowly to the clinic. This review provides information on the currently available methods of metabolic imaging, especially using PET in humans. The uptake mechanisms of tracer methods and a brief discussion of the more 'molecular' targeted methods are presented. The main focus is on the different classes of tracers and their application in various types of cancer within each class of tracers, based on the current literature and our own experience. Studies with [18F]FDG (energy metabolism), radiolabelled amino acids (protein metabolism), [18F]FLT (DNA metabolism), [11C]choline (cell membrane metabolism) as general metabolic tracer methods and [18F]DOPA (biogenic amine metabolism) as a more specific tracer method are discussed. As an example, molecular imaging methods that target the HER2 receptor and somatostatin receptor are described.
