RESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aimed to validate and update a model for predicting the risk of axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis for assisting clinical decision-making. METHODS: We included breast cancer patients diagnosed at six Dutch hospitals between 2011 and 2015 to validate the original model which includes six variables: clinical tumor size, tumor grade, estrogen receptor status, lymph node longest axis, cortical thickness and hilum status as detected by ultrasonography. Subsequently, we updated the original model using generalized linear model (GLM) tree analysis and by adjusting its intercept and slope. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration curve were used to assess the original and updated models. Clinical usefulness of the model was evaluated by false-negative rates (FNRs) at different cut-off points for the predictive probability. RESULTS: Data from 1416 patients were analyzed. The AUC for the original model was 0.774. Patients were classified into four risk groups by GLM analysis, for which four updated models were created. The AUC for the updated models was 0.812. The calibration curves showed that the updated model predictions were better in agreement with actual observations than the original model predictions. FNRs of the updated models were lower than the preset 10% at all cut-off points when the predictive probability was less than 12.0%. CONCLUSIONS: The original model showed good performance in the Dutch validation population. The updated models resulted in more accurate ALN metastasis prediction and could be useful preoperative tools in selecting low-risk patients for omission of axillary surgery.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Linfonodos/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Área Sob a Curva , Axila , Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Carcinoma/metabolismo , China , Técnicas de Apoio para a Decisão , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Excisão de Linfonodo , Linfonodos/diagnóstico por imagem , Metástase Linfática , Mastectomia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Países Baixos , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Receptores de Estrogênio/metabolismo , Receptores de Progesterona/metabolismo , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Biópsia de Linfonodo Sentinela , Carga Tumoral , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
In this report, we describe a patient with adventitial cystic disease of the popliteal artery, in which direct communication via a duct-like structure between the cystic lesion and the knee-joint synovium resulted in recurrent episodes of intermittent claudication and complete symptom-free intervals (intermittent claudication intermittence). This unusual observation could shed more light on the debated etiology of the disease. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of complete excision of the cyst along with the presenting anatomic connection with the knee joint.
