RESUMO
A monostatic pulsed lidar system called the laser cloud mapper was operated at the lidar range facility at the Defence Research Establishment Valcartier for 2 weeks during the autumn of 1990 to determine and assess its sensitivity for the remote detection of airborne biological organisms. The methodology called for the measurement of the depolarization of the lidar return signals that were backscattered from a biological aerosol cloud introduced into a large outdoor aerosol chamber. The test aerosol was produced by aerosolization of bacterial spores suspended in tap water; the relative concentration (by volume) of the bacterial material in tap water was varied from 1.0 to 0.001%. The detection performance of the laser cloud mapper is characterized through the ordered statistics of the depolarization ratio (e.g., sample distribution functions, quantile-quantile plots, and shift functions). In addition, a robust detection statistic based on the a-trimmed mean has been considered and the bootstrap-resampling method has been utilized to estimate uncertainties or confidence limits for this statistic. The receiver-operating characteristic curves of the laser cloud mapper (i.e., the probability of detection,
P
(D), versus the probability of false alarm, P(FA)) for both the empirical distribution function and the linearly thresholded, trimmed mean-level detectors are presented as a function of the source concentration of the test aerosol.RESUMO
A wide-angle Michelson Doppler imaging interferometer (WAMDII) is described that is intended to measure upper atmospheric winds and temperatures from naturally occurring visible region emissions, using Spacelab as a platform. It is an achromatic field-widened instrument, with good thermal stability, that employs four quarterwave phase-stepped images to generate full images of velocity, temperature, and emission rate. For an apparent emission rate of 5 kR and binning into 85 x 105 pixels, the required exposure time is 1 sec. The concept and underlying principles are described, along with some fabrication details for the prototype instrument. The results of laboratory tests and field measurements using auroral emissions are described and discussed.
