[Technology of puncture cryosurgery for soft tissue tumors].

The technology and the first experience of the local cryotherapy for tumors of the breast, lateral triangle of the neck and lumbar area using ultrasound navigation of cryoprobes and new medical equipment are presented.

[Puncture cryodestruction of recurrent facial area basaliomas with ultrasound scan and surgery monitoring].

Ultrasound scan allows determining tumor border in the area of inflammatory infiltrate, creating a three-dimensional plan of the operation, performing accurate pointing injecting cryoprobes as well as managing a monitor of cryoablation. As a result the frequency of repeated recurrences of infected recurrent tumors in difficult anatomical areas of the face decreased to 4%.

[Evaluation of ovarian status in women who received anti-tumor therapy in childhood and adolescence].

The paper presents the results of a study of the ovarian reserve in young women who received treatment for malignant tumors in childhood and adolescence and are in complete clinical remission. The function of the reproductive system was evaluated by serum concentrations of gonadotropins, estradiol, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin B. The results were compared to the treatment, patients' age at the beginning of therapy and at the time of the examination. AMH level in serum was the most informative indicator of ovarian reserve in patients treated for malignant tumors.

[Comparison of results of elastography with hormonal and metabolic status in patients with the diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms].

In order to assess the effectiveness of compression elastography of the thyroid gland as a method for differential diagnosis to studies conducted in the pre-operative period, there were involved 34 patients with a mean age 46.6 +/- 2.7 years. Elastography in the real time was characterized, according to the method of estimating, by a relatively high sensitivity (85.2-92.5%) and accuracy (70.6-79.4%), but low (30%) specificity. The specificity of the method, as it turned out, could be improved by taking into account the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood or body mass index (BMI) of the patients and, therefore, reducing the number of false-positive findings. Further improvement in the pre-operative diagnosis of malignant tumors of the thyroid gland and the formation of appropriate risk groups could be based on a combination of cytologic, hormonal, genetic and instrumental methods, including the so-called shear wave elastography.

[The detection of early regional metastases in patients with skin melanoma by dopplerography].

Color Doppler mapping (CDM) of the regional lymph nodes was performed in 152 patients with primary skin melanoma without clinically determined regional and distant metastases. The patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 52 patients in whom biopsy was fulfilled after sonography and CDM of the regional lymph nodes. The second group (control) included 100 patients. After sonography and CDM biopsy of the lymph nodes was not fulfilled. Using CDM of the regional lymph nodes in the preoperative period allowed unjustified lymphadenectomies in patients with skin melanoma to be avoided. An algorithm of preoperative diagnosis of the degree of regional spreading of skin melanoma was developed which will give better results of treatment. The method of color Doppler mapping was first used for the detection of micrometastases of the tumor in the regional lymph system.

[Potential of detection of early regional metastases in patients with primary skin melanoma].

Diagnostic procedures for skin melanoma in regional lymph nodes were compared in 250 patients. Doppler effect examination and sentinel biopsy were carried out in 60 patients with primary skin melanoma and clinically intact lymph nodes. Identical examination and regional lymphadenectomy were used in 80 patients with clinically detectable metastases to regional lymph nodes. The same procedures were performed in 110 healthy controls. Histological findings fully confirmed Doppler effect evidence. Regional lymphadenectomy was indicated only in patients with verified Doppler effect-related metastatic lesions to the lymph nodes.

[Clinical and radiologic signs of pulmonary and pleural lesions in childhood Hodgkin's disease]. / Kliniko-rentgenologicheskie proiavleniia porazhenii lëgkikh i plevry u detei pri limfome Khodzhkina.

Pulmonary and pleural involvement was identified in 17% (42.2% at the debut of the disease, while 57.8%--in the course of tumor progression) out of 264 children with Hodgkin's disease. Basing on X-ray evidence, pulmonary lesions were classified as perinodal, focal-infiltrative, disseminated, nodular, mixed infiltration and lobitis, while those of the pleura--exudative pleurisy and tumor masses involving the pleura. Focal-infiltrative pattern was most common (53%). The best results were reported in the treatment of perinodal infiltration, whereas the worst--disseminated and mixed infiltration as well as pleural lesions.

[Diagnostic potential of ultrasound examination for tumor recurrence and metastasis]. / Vozmozhnosti èkhografii v diagnostike retsidivov i metastazov u onkoginekologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Ultrasound examination was carried out in 252 patients following specific treatment of uterine and ovarian malignancies. To compare the effectiveness of diagnostic procedures, transabdominal and transvaginal examinations were performed in succession in all the patients using ultrasound (Doppler) technique. Transvaginal study proved relatively more sensitive (98.9%) and diagnostically accurate (97.2%) in detecting relapse. Transabdominal examination carried out in conjunction with color Doppler imaging was best for metastasis detection.