[Daily dynamics of time perception in bipolar II disorder patients with redarted or anxious depression]. / Dnevnaya dinamika vospriyatiya vremeni pri zatormozhennoi i trevozhnoi depressii u bol'nykh bipolyarnym rasstroistvom II tipa.

AIM: It is known affective disorders are changing the perception of time. The study of time perception in patients with affective disorders enables researchers to make early diagnostic criteria for these conditions, as well as to shed light on possible mechanisms for the development of affective disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 20 patients with bipolar affective disorder type II in accordance with the DSM-5 criteria (10 patients with a predominance of anxiety and 10 patients with a predominance of psychomotor retardation) and 10 healthy subjects were recruited to the study. Test for measuring minute was conducted from 7 hours to 21 hours with an interval of 2 hours. Patients were distributed into two experimental groups in accordance with the severity ratio of psychomotor retardation and anxiety. All patients were on monotherapy with agomelatine in a single dose 25-50 mg/day. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Duration of individual minute, was significantly shorter in the experimental groups compared with the control group and did not differ within experimental groups. In the group of healthy volunteers length of individual minutes was close to «AIM: minute, i.e. 60 seconds, in groups of patients with prevalence of anxiety and a predominance of psychomotor retardation length of individual minutes was set to about 40 seconds and did not differ significantly in patients groups. In patients with retarded depression distribution of a minute duration peaks was shifted for 2 hours late (13-17 h) comparing to controls, in anxious depresssion the distribution was bimodal with peaks in 10 and 18 hours. There were no singnificant differences between groups. Shorter duration of individual minute in patients with recurrent depressive episodes, may be an early sign of a new depressive episode.

[A comparative study of different types of pharmacotherapy in treatment of depressive phase of bipolar II disorder]. / Varianty farmakoterapii depressivnoi fazy bipoliarnogo affektivnogo rasstroistva tipa II.

OBJECTIVE: A comparative evaluation of the efficacy and safety of different types of pharmacotherapy: antidepressant monotherapy (agomelatine or sertraline), mood stabilizer monotherapy (valproate) and combination therapy (valproate + sertraline) in bipolar II disorder patients with major depressive episode. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 6-week open randomized study included 89 inpatients and outpatients. Basic criteria of efficacy were ≥50% reduction of HAMD total score and remission (≤7 points) to the end of the study. RESULTS: At the end of the study (day 42), the highest number of patients with 50% reduction of HAMD total score was noted in the sertraline (65%) and combination therapy (60%) groups, in the valproate group it was 57.1%, and the lowest - in agomelatine group (42.9%), but the differences were not statistically significant. Remission was observed in 45% patients in combination therapy group compared with 33.3% in valproate group, 32.1% in agomelatine group and only 20% in group of sertraline, but the differences between the groups also were not significant. CONCLUSION: Antidepressants (agomelatine and sertraline) have demonstrated fast but insufficient influence on the reduction of depression in the patients. Treatment with sertraline rarely led to remission and was frequently associated with high rate of switch into hypomania. Valproate therapy was moderately effective and well-tolerated without risk of switching. Combination of valproic acid with sertraline had the highest efficacy and was fairly well tolerated.