Strive to Reduce Slurry Erosion and Cavitation in Pumps Through Flow Modifications, Design Optimization and Some Other Techniques: Long Term Impact on Process Industry.

Centrifugal pumps are being widely used in various industries for moving fluids that carry solids through pipelines where the need of head and flow rate is not high. Slurry erosion and cavitation are an extremely complex and not yet fully understood phenomenon that occur in centrifugal pumps; however, these undesirable phenomena can be reduced to a certain extent. Appropriate design and development of experiments is required to reasonably predict slurry erosion and cavitation. However, CFD methodology complements analytical solutions and experiments whenever testing of equipment has limitations. The current paper highlights the various slurry erosion and cavitation reduction techniques utilized by different researchers. Economic analysis conducted for a case study relevant to centrifugal pump (CP) usage in Pakistan shows that an 8% enhancement in pump efficiency can reduce the life cycle cost to about 17.6%, which could save up to USD 4281 for a single pump annually in Pakistan.

Performance assessment of a solar powered hydrogen production system and its ANFIS model.

Apart from many limitations, the usage of hydrogen in different day-to-day applications have been increasing drastically in recent years. However, numerous techniques available to produce hydrogen, electrolysis of water is one of the simplest and cost-effective hydrogen production techniques. In this method, water is split into hydrogen and oxygen by using external electric current. In this research, a novel hydrogen production system incorporated with Photovoltaic - Thermal (PVT) solar collector is developed. The influence of different parameters like solar collector tilt angle, thermal collector design and type of heat transfer fluid on the performance of PVT system and hydrogen production system are also discussed. Finally, thermal efficiency, electrical efficiency, and hydrogen production rate have been predicted by using the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) technique. Based on this study results, it can be inferred that the solar collector tilt angle plays a significant role to improve the performance of the electrical and thermal performance of PVT solar system and Hydrogen yield rate. On the other side, the spiral-shaped thermal collector with water exhibited better end result than the other hydrogen production systems. The predicted results ANFIS techniques represent an excellent agreement with the experimental results. In consequence, it is suggested that the developed ANFIS model can be adopted for further studies to predict the performance of the hydrogen production system.