[A morphological and histochemical study of the large intestine of white mice with experimental trichocephaliasis and after the action of some anthelmintic preparations]. / Morfologicheskoe i gistokhimicheskoe issledovanie tolstoi kishki belykh myshei pri éksperimental'nom trikhotsefaleze i posle vozdeistviia nekotorykh antigel'mintnykh preparatov.

Administration of levamisole, oxphendasole in dose 10 mg/kg and especially of ivomeck in dose 0.01 ml/kg of body weight damages the large intestine mucosa of intact mice and of mice with experimental T. muris infection. Epithelial cells dystrophy, the goblet cells destruction and the diffuse leucocytes infiltration of the intestinal wall, maximal 12 hours after the drugs administration, were most marked in animals treated with ivomeck. Pathomorphological changes in the gut mucosa after the drug administration to infected animals were significantly higher than in intact ones. That permits to conclude that the damage of the intestinal wall is due to the toxicity of the drugs, and perhaps with the damage of mucosa by the nonspecific (allergic) response to the chemotherapy.

[Effect of different doses of water-soluble retinoic acid on the lipid and 3-beta-ol steroid dehydrogenase concentration in the interstitial tissue and supporting cells of the testes of mice]. / Vliianie razlichnykh doz vodorastvorimoi retinoevoi kisloty na kontsentratsiiu lipidov i 3-beta-ol-steroiddegidrogenazy v interstitsial'noi tkani i podderzhivaiushchikh kletkakh semmenikov myshei.

A study was made of the influence of various doses of water-soluble retinoic acid on the concentration of lipids and 3-beta-ol steroid dehydrogenase (SD) in the interstitial tissue (IT) and supporting cells (SC) of mouse testicles. Three groups of animals were injected with 1% retinoic acid i. p., with the doses injected being 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 ml respectively. After the termination of experiments the animals were sacrificed and the cryostat sections 9 micron thick were stained for lipids and 3-beta-ol in the testicles. It was found that water-soluble retinoic acid is capable of exerting an essential influence on the steroid-producing system of the testicles. At the same time retinoic acid injected in the doses 0.1 and 0.2 ml causes an elevation of the content of lipids and 3-beta-ol SD in the IT and SC of the testes producing Leydig's cells that furnish the internal secretion of the testicle. Injection of 0.3 ml retinoic acid brings about a decrease in the concentration of 3-beta-ol SD in the IT and SC as compared with the dose 0.2 ml. However, in the IT the activity of the enzyme remains higher than in control, whereas in the SC it falls below the control values. The lipid content in the IT and SC changes differently, namely it rises in Leydig's cells and diminishes in Sertoli's cells as compared with the effect of 0.3 ml acid. It may be suggested that injection of large doses of retinoic acid entails alterations primarily in the synthesis of sex steroids, whereas the storage of lipoid substances that serve as substrate remains at a high enough level.

[Effect of vitamin A on the testes]. / K voprosu o vliianii vitamina A na semenniki.

Experiments were made on adult male mice with experimental unilateral cryptorchism. The animals were divided into three groups. The first group served as control, the second group of animals received mater-soluble retinoic acid in the total dose 0.1 ml (1% solution), and the third group in the total dose 0.3 ml (1% solution). Eight days after operation the tests were taken for histological and morphometry examination. In the course of experiments, spermatogenic processes in the tests had stopped because of degeneration of differential and mature sexual cells. Meanwhile spermatogonia and sustenocytes of the seminiferous tubules and glandulocytes of the tests had been preserved. Administration of the acid in a dose of 0.1 ml did not increase the resistance of the spermatogenic epithelium to the unfavourable conditions, but maintained its capacity for regeneration. After administration of the acid in a dose of 0.3 ml the animals manifested the signs of hypervitaminosis, the resistance of the spermatogenic epithelium to the action of unfavourable factors decreased and the regenerative capacity was inhibited.

[Histofunctional state of mouse ovaries in normal conditions and during hypervitaminosis A]. / K voprosu o gistofunktsional'nom sostoianii iachnikov myshei v norme i pri gipervitaminoze A.

Morphometry was used to analyze different histofunctional structures of mouse ovaries (follicles of varying maturation grades, yellow and atretic bodies, interstitial tissue) in health and hypervitaminosis A (80 000 IU). It was noticed that in the ovaries of female mice in health, there occurred consistent cyclic processes marked by the changes in the number and size of the morphofunctional structures during different stages of the estrous cycle. In hypervitaminosis A, female mice had no estrous cycle. The ovaries showed the impairment of the growth of the follicles and enhancement of atresia. As a result, the follicles did not reach the final stages of development, which led to the cessation of ovulation and formation of yellow bodies.

[Effect of acute hypoxia on the indices of kidney excretory function and renal hemodynamics]. / Vliianie ostroi gipoksii na nekotorye pokazateli vydelitel'noi funktsii pochek i pochechnoi gemodinamiki.

Diuresis, glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption (endogenous creatinine clearance), renal blood and plasma flow, total resistance of renal vessels, and filtration fraction were measured in 59 patients with mechanical (strangulation) asphyxia. Asphyxia and resulting hypoxia induced a substantial increase of diuresis, glomerular filtration and a decrease of tubular reabsorption. Disorders of renal hemodynamics which involved a decrease of renal plasma and blood flow and an increase of total resistance of renal vessels contributed significantly to the mechanism of changes of the renal excretory function. As shown by vasographic and morphological examinations, the state of intrarenal hemodynamics plays the major role in changes of the renal function.