THE EFFECT OF EXTRACT OF GREEK WALNUT (JUGLANS REGIA L.) SEPTA ON SOME FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ERYTHROCYTES.

Administration of plant extracts for the treatment of several different diseases is an important approach ofmodern medicine.The reason must be an easy way of application, low price and the complex action of herbal medicines. The aim of the work was to study the effect of extract of walnut (Juglans regia L.) septa on the functional characteristics of erythrocytes during administration of cytotoxic agent - cyclophosphamide (experimental model of leukopenia). The material for the study was blood of the intact and experimental white mice. Sorption capacity and resistance to lysis of erythrocyte membrane have been determined by the spectrophotometric methods. According to the gained results, administration of cyclophosphamide had an influence on sorption capacity of erythrocytes and the given characteristic was increased only on the 8th day of cyclophosphamide administration, compared to control. Sorption capacity of erythrocytes was increased more on 8th day after combined application of cyclophosphamide and exctract of walnut septa. Resistance of erythrocytes to lysis was also increased after administration of the cyclophosphamide and this characteristic was further increased in case of combined application of cyclophosphamide and exctract of walnut septa. Thus, the stimulative effects of extract of walnut septa have been established on sorption capacity and resistance to lysis of erythrocytes in case of nonspecific damage of the cells.

Changes in sex and non-sex hormones and distribution of erythrocyte antigens in reproductive age women with tumors of body of uterus in Adjara.

The aim the research was to study the hormonal state of reproductive age women with tumors of body of uterus. The quantitative changes of sex steroid hormones: progesterone (P), estradiol (E), testosterone (T), gonadotropine -Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were investigated. Distribution of ABO blood group antigens and Rh-Hr systems genetic variants in the blood of women living in Adjara Region was also studied. For study was used reproductive age women's blood with benign (fibromioma) and malignant (endometrial cancer) tumors of body of uterus (the middle age was 20-45 years). The determination of hormones was made by the enzymatic analysis method (ELAIZA). For the research of blood groups, were used the immunoserologic methods. The study have revealed that in blood of reproductive age women with benign and malignant tumors of body of uterus, level of estradiol was increased while levels of progesterone and testosterone were sharply reduced. Amount of Follicle-stimulating hormone and Luteinizing hormone were also increased. It's significant that, both hormones were sharply increased in case of cancer of body of uterus, in comparison with control group and benign tumor. According to distribution of ABO blood group phenotypes - O (I) phenotypic group of ABO system has its highest frequency in blood of women with cancer of body of uterus. Cancer of body of uterus is associated with O (I) phenotypic groups; benign tumor of body of uterus - with A(II) and AB(IV) phenotypic groups. Women with cc and EE genetic variants of Rh-Hr system have sensitivity to the development of benign and malignant tumors of body of uterus; women with ee genetic variant have lower sensitivity towards body of uterus cancer and sharply expressed sensitivity to uterus benign tumors. In women with malignant tumors of body of uterus the frequency of distribution of Rh-Hr system CC genetic variant was sharply reduced.

Distribution of erythrocyte phenotypic groups in women with benign tumors of the uterus in Adjara Oncology Centre.

ABO blood groups antigens have biological and clinical significance. The ABO blood groups antigens has been associated with many diseases, though the explanation between ABO blood groups and disease is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of a possible association between benign tumors of the utesus with blood ABO, RhD, Kell and MN groups in women in reproductive periods. In diseased population (60 subject) was investigated for Erythrocyte phenotypic groups antigens. Immunoserological methods have been used to identify the antigens. The obtained results were statistically processed. High frequencies of A (43,3±3,2%), D(91,6±3,5%) and Kell (+) (26.66±5.7 %) antigens were found in diseased of benign tumors of uterus comparison with donor. The researches shows, that is increased risk of disease development in carriers of these phenotypes. In summary, according our research we've thought, that blood groups may be a marker for bening tomors of the uterus. Based on these data, these could be used as prognostic factor for bening tomors of the uterus. The study of Erythrocyte group antigens in diseased we may to identify "high risk" individuals, that help to find ways, which help to control of disease.

[Investigation of metabolic paramagnetic centers in the blood of patients with prostate adenocarcinoma prior to and after the plastic orchectomy].

Paramagnetic centers in the blood of patients with prostate adenocarcinoma have been studied prior to and after plastic orchectomy by EPR. It has been shown that significant alterations in blood paramagnetic centers occur after the surgery. These alterations point to an improvement of antioxidant properties of the blood. Specifically, the content of the Fe(3+)-transferrin complexes increased, and the number of inactivated adrenoreceptors, MetHb, and Mn(2+)-containing complexes decreased. It was found that, along with improvement of the antioxidant properties of the blood, a significant decrease in the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the blood of the patients occurs.

Investigation of pro- and antioxidative systems' changes in blood of patients with prostate tumours.

Great number of pathogenic processes, including cancer, are followed by disbalance between pro- and antioxidative systems. This is reflected on lipid peroxidation (LP). As a result diene conjugates - the primary products of peroxidation, cetodienes, trienes (secondary products), malondialdehyde (MDA) and Schiff's bases (the final products) are synthesized. Significant changes are expectable in functioning of antioxidant system on the background of tumour growth. The aim of the study was to investigate changes in the content of primary, secondary and final LP products and quantitative changes of main antioxidant of plasma - Ceruloplsmin (Cp) in blood of patients with prostate tumors (benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), benign prostate hyperplasia with PING(3-4) regions and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa). The tendency of diene conjugates reducing has been revealed compared with norm: The control group-->BPH-->benign prostate hyperplasia with PING(3-4)regions-->metastatic PCa. Level of cetodienes and trienes was sharply decreased in case of PCa. MDA content was increased in all cases we had studied, but it was significantly increased in benign prostate hyperplasia with PING(3-4) regions and PCa. Amount of Schiff's bases raised in lipid extracts in all cases of prostate cancer, especially in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia with PING(3-4) regions. Concentration of Cp was sharply increased in blood plasma of patients with malignant tumour. Strong intensification of LP in prostate cancer patients and accumulation of its final products occurs on the background of changes of the antioxidant system. This fact was revealed by sharp increase of Cp content in blood plasma of the patients. Both facts express disbalances of the anti- and prooxidative systems of organism in case of prostate gland malignant transformation.

Erythrocyte membrane permeability in the men with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

The aim of our study was to investigate the alterations of the erythrocyte membrane permeability in the men with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate before and six months after castration. For experimental research were used the erythrocytes of 15 men with metastatic prostate cancer (Pca) (before and after 6 months from castration) and of the 15 practically healthy men (control group). The patients age was vacillate from 60 to 75 years old. Clinical stage of the disease was established at A. Tsulukidze National Center of Urology. Investigations revealed the changes of Na(+)/K(+)-ATP-ase activity and the changes of Na(+) and K(+) ions concentration in metastatic Pca patients before and six months after castration. It was determined that after the castration alterations of the erythrocytes transportive function is less pronounced in comparison with pre-operational data; These indicate the overall improvement of the organism's condition in the post-operational period and partial recovery of the cellular homeostasis.

Activity and content of antioxidant enzymes in prostate tumors.

AIM: To investigate the antioxidant enzyme system in blood of men with benign hyperplasia of prostate (BHP) and with prostate adenocarcinoma (CaP). METHODS: The spectrophotometrical methods were applied to study content and activity changes of superoxide-dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ceruloplasmin (Cp), tripeptide glutathione (GSH), glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione-reductase (GR). Lipid peroxidation was evaluated using thiobarbituric acid (TBA)-test. Blood plasma and erythrocytes of men with prostate tumors served as the material for the studies; n = 15 for each group. RESULTS: SOD activity was increased in BHP (24.65 +/- 1.20 U/microl) and decreased in CaP (11.45 +/- 0.89 U/microl), CAT activity remained unaltered in BHP (12.41 +/- 0.85 mcat/ml) and was slightly declined in CaP (9.52 +/- 0.56 mcat/ml). Cp was increased in both kind of tumors, especially in CaP (54.27 +/- 7.22 mg%), as well as GSH (0.736 +/- 0.07 microM/l) and GR (0.031 +/- 0.002 microM/g.Hemogl/min). GSH-Px was sharply increased in BHP (0.67 +/- 0.05 microM/g.Hemogl/min) and reduced in CaP (0.16 +/- 0.01 microM/g.Hemogl/min). CONCLUSION: The development of BHP reflects relatively weakly on blood system as activity and content of antioxidant enzymes are not revealing marked changes in this disease. The significant changes are revealed in case of CaP, showing the reduced functional state of blood antioxidant enzyme system.

Dynamics of the protein spectrum changes in blood erythrocytes of male patients with prostate adenocarcinoma after plastic orchiectomy.

We have studied erythrocytes electrophoresis profiles in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma before and after plastic orchectomy and in healthy men to detect changes in the protein spectrum of erythrocytes. Our investigations have shown that during this pathology protein spectrum of erythrocytes structure undergoes substantial changes. This is demonstrated by losing of 35 KD molecular weight protein fraction and by appearance of 36 KD molecular weight protein fraction on the erythrocytes electrophoregram. It should be noted, that after plastic orchectomy we can see the relative normalization of erythrocyte's electrophoresis picture and it's approaching to the data of the control group (losing of 120 KD protein fraction and appearance of 48 KD protein fraction), which indicates to the normalization of the condition of the whole organism. It was detected that the synthesis of lower molecular protein fractions, on the one hand is influenced by rising of accantocytes percentage and on the other hand by the activation of the lipid oxidation process in erythrocytes membrane.

Dynamics of the structural and electrical characteristics of erythrocytes in men with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate before and after plastic orchiectomy.

The changes of electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes in the practically healthy men and in men with metastatic prostate cancer before and after castration were studied. The electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes was investigated in laboratory conditions by Kharamanenko and Abramson micro methods. Experimental data were processed by means of standard variation statistics MINITAB (Basic statistic) p

[Regulation of catalytic properties of enzymes in "inverse micelles"]. / Reguliatsiia kataliticheskikh svoistv fermenta v "obrashchennykh mitsellakh".

A triple system (inverse micellae) that simulates the membrane environment of the enzyme was studied. Inverse micellae were obtained using anionic (aerosol OT), synthetic (Brij 56), and natural (lecithin) surfactants. It was found that upon inclusion of an enzyme into inverse micellae, its activity can be regulated by changing the structure and nature of the surfactant matrix. It was shown that enzyme activity in micellar environment is much higher than in water solution. Moreover, the enzyme solubilized in inverse micellae (acid phosphatase) shows a superactivity. It was found that surfactants specifically interact with solubilized enzyme, and the activity of the enzyme is inversely proportional to surfactant concentration. The mechanisms of viscotropic regulation of enzyme activity are discussed.

[1H-NMR of blood lipids in malignant and benign tumors]. / 1H-IaMR lipidov krovi pri zlokachestvennykh i dobrokachestvennykh opukholiakh.

High-resolution 1H-NMR (360 MHz) combined with thin-layer chromatography was used to study profile and molecular structure changes of inverted micelles of human blood developing in patients with malignant and benign tumors of the breast and uterus. Alterations were demonstrated in relative intensities of some lipid NMR peaks in tumor, as compared to normal blood. Changes in blood lipid levels, e.g. cholesterol, in tumor affect lipid structural and dynamical status thus elucidating NMR regularities obtained.

[Change in lipid peroxidation, structural status and level of phospholipids in the blood of patients with fibroma and cancer of the uterus]. / Izmenenie perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov, strukturnogo sostoianiia i soderzhaniia fosfolipidov v krovi bol'nykh fibromoi i rakom tela matki.

Study of physicochemical properties of lipids in the donor blood and blood of patients with fibroma and uterus cancer showed that the progress of pathological processes may lead to the rise of peroxidation and peroxide accumulation, phospholipid balance disturbance, that causes drastic changes in biomembranes. As a result of this the disturbance of the structure and change in the functional activity of the membranes take place.

[Phospholipid composition of blood lipids in breast and uterine cancer]. / Izuchenie fosfolipidnogo sostava lipidov krovi pri rake molochnoi zhelezy i tela matki.

A comparative analysis of quantitative changes in phospholipids, as well as peroxidation of undiluted blood lipids, plasma and blood cells in healthy women, those suffering from breast and uterus cancer, and from nonmalignant tumours (breast fibroadenoma and uterus fibroma) does not show any specific regularity typical of only malignant neoplasma and not typical of nonmalignant ones. Disturbances in the balance of negative charge phospholipids are supposed to change the electrostatic interaction in the lipid-protein complexes of supramolecular structures during the malignant growth.

[Thermoinduced structure reconstructions in lysosomal membranes and lipids during experimental carcinogenesis]. / Izuchenie termoindutsirovannykh strukturnykh perestroek v membranakh i lipidakh lizosom pri éksperimental'nom kantserogeneze.

Thermoinduced structural transitions in lyzosome membranes and lipids during experimental cancerogenesis were considered. Unlike lipid aqeous systems the structural transitions in lipids were investigated in inside out turned with hydrophobic side vesicles in apolar and aproton solvent. Relationship between the structure change and the function of lyzosome membranes is discussed.