Exploring the Antibacterial Potential of Green-Synthesized MgO and ZnO Nanoparticles from Two Plant Root Extracts.

The green approach-based nanoparticle synthesis is considered a more cost-effective and ecologically responsible method of producing nanoparticles than other standard techniques. A major accomplishment in resolving these issues is the use of nanoparticles for environmental pollution remediation. This article describes a simple method for producing MgO and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) using aqueous extracts of Zingiber officinale and Glycyrrhiza roots as the stabilizing and reducing agents, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersed X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy methods were used to characterize the biologically synthesized metal oxide nanoparticles (MO NPs). The XRD results showed that the mean crystallite sizes of synthesized ZnO and MgO NPs, which have excellent purity, are 12.35 nm and 4.83 nm, respectively. The spherical or elliptical shape of the synthesized NPs was confirmed by the SEM analysis. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized NPs against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria was thoroughly investigated. With a medium zone of inhibition of 7 to 10 mm, the as-synthesized MgO NPs and ZnO NPs demonstrated moderate antibacterial activity towards various bacterial strains.

Methods for the Preparation of Silica and Its Nanoparticles from Different Natural Sources.

Silica (SiO2), a component of the earth's crust, has been in use for many nanotechnological applications. This review presents one of the newest methods for safer, more affordable, and more ecologically friendly production of silica and its nanoparticles from the ashes of agricultural wastes. The production of SiO2 nanoparticles (SiO2NPs) from different agricultural wastes, including rice husk, rice straw, maize cobs, and bagasse, was systematically and critically discussed. The review also emphasizes current issues and possibilities linked with contemporary technology to raise awareness and stimulate scholars' insight. Furthermore, the processes involved in isolating silica from agricultural wastes were explored in this work.

Desert Endemic Plants in Algeria: A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Polyphenolic Compounds and Pharmacological Activities.

Due to their robust antioxidant capabilities, potential health benefits, wide variety of biological activities, and strong antioxidant qualities, phenolic compounds are substances that have drawn considerable attention in recent years. The main goal of the review is to draw attention to saharian Algerian medicinal plants and the determination of their bioactivity (antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory importance), and to present their chemical composition as well as in vivo and in vitro studies, clinical studies, and other studies confirming their real impact on human health. Research results have revealed a rich variety of medicinal plants used to treat various disease states in this region. Based on in vivo and in vitro studies, biological activity, and clinical studies, a list of 34 species of desert plants, belonging to 20 botanical families, useful both in preventive actions and in the treatment of neoplastic diseases has been established, and polyphenolic compounds have been identified as key to the health potential of endemic diseases and desert plants. It has been shown that people who follow a diet rich in polyphenols are less prone to the risk of many cancers and chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. In view of the increasing antioxidant potential of these plant species, as well as the increasing trade in herbal products from the Sahara region, phytosanitary and pharmaceutical regulations must change in this respect and should be in line with Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), and the sustainable use and development of plant products must be addressed at the same time.

Current Application of Chemometrics Analysis in Authentication of Natural Products: A Review.

BACKGROUND: The efficiency of herbal medicinal products depends on the quantity of active ingredients in them, which can vary considerably in different contents. Hence, the quality control of herbal medicines is a critical concern. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to provide a succinct review of recent chemometrics applications in solving the uncertainty of the authentication of herbal medicines over the last two decades. METHODS: Studies involving chemometrics applications in conjunction with various analytical methods have been categorized according to the type of research used in the quality evaluation of different samples, including chromatographic (HPLC, GC-MS) and spectroscopic analysis (UVVis, FTIR, NMR, and MS). RESULTS: This review consists of over 90 studies illustrating the relevance of chemometrics methods in the discrimination based on the key bioactive components and phytochemical diversity of several herbs from closely related species. In addition to the prediction of the active components, the distinction between varieties and hybrids was accomplished through quantitative analysis techniques. CONCLUSION: Methods of chemometrics have provided an important and potent tool for the quality control and authentication of various herbs.