Pregnancy and delivery after vesico ileocystoplasty--a case report.

Neobladder is continent urinary reservoir made from a detubularized segment of bowel, with implantation of ureters and urethra. The most common indication for this operation is bladder replacement after cystectomy following bladder cancer in elderly or cervical cancer Stage IV patients. Nowadays indications are expanded to many benign diseases (interstitial cystitis (IC), neurogenic bladder, chronic pelvic pain) in reproductive age. Pregnancy in women with neobladder is a rare condition, hence published experience is limited. Most of the published cases were delivered by cesarean, due to the concern for possible complications. The authors report a case of a 36-year-old woman who underwent a vesico ileocystoplasty for IC, became pregnant six years after the operation, and delivered a healthy baby vaginally. Her obstetric and urologic outcomes were assessed, during, and after pregnancy. Careful antenatal monitoring by both an obstetrician and a urologist, awareness of potential complications, and their prompt treatment, can result in a successful pregnancy and vaginal delivery where neither fetus or mother nor neobladder are endangered.

Quercetin vs chrysin: effect on liver histopathology in diabetic mice.

Effects of flavonoids quercetin and chrysin on lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes in liver of diabetic mice were studied and compared with the antioxidant and reducing ability of quercetin and chrysin and their ability to chelate Fe(2+) ions in vitro. Diabetes was induced in Swiss albino mice with a single intravenous injection of alloxan (75 mg kg(-1)). Two days after alloxan injection, flavonoid preparations (50 mg kg(-1) per day) were given intraperitoneally for 7 days in diabetic mice. The lipid peroxidation was evaluated by measuring the malondialdehyde production using the 2-thiobarbituric acid test. Administration of quercetin and chrysin to diabetic mice resulted in a significant decrease in lipid peroxidation level in liver tissue. Treatment of diabetic mice with flavonoids solutions results in decreased number of vacuolated cells and degree of vacuolization of the liver tissue. The protective role of flavonoids against the reactive oxygen species-induced damages in diabetic mice gives a hope that they may exert similar protective action in humans.

Early toxic effects of fumonisin B1 in rat liver.

Mycotoxin fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) is hepatotoxic and carcinogenic in experimental animals. It is known that long-term exposure of experimental animals to FB(1) causes apoptosis and lipid peroxidation. In this study, male adult Wistar rats were treated with single FB(1) doses (5, 50, and 500 microg/kg b.w.) and sacrificed 4, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. Parameters of oxidative stress, histopathological changes, and DNA damage were monitored in the liver of treated and control animals. Parameters of oxidative stress were not affected by such treatment. A significant increase in apoptotic cells appeared in animals when 5 microg/kg b.w. dose was given and sacrificed after 24 hours with further increase at higher doses. In contrast to the number of mitotic figures and karyomegaly seen mostly at lower FB(1) doses, necrosis was the prominent feature at higher doses. Significant increase in liver cells DNA mobility was observed 48 hours following treatment with 50 and 500 microg/kg b.w. as compared to control (tail length 15.2 +/- 0.3, 16.4 +/- 0.5, and 13.5 +/- 0.1 mum, respectively). Tail intensity appeared to be more sensitive parameter for detecting DNA damage even at 5 microg/kg b.w. after 48 hours (1.69 +/- 0.27% DNA; control 0.59 +/- 0.11% DNA). This study proved that FB(1)-induced DNA damage is time- and dose-dependent, and that it could be caused in Wistar rats by a single dose.

Endosymbiotic alga from green hydra under the influence of cinoxacin.

Cinoxacin (Cxn) showed a strong effect on the endosymbiotic alga Chlorella; it was significantly damaged. Changes in algal color, position, structure and ultrastructure were found. In some algal cells ultrastructures were completely destroyed. The antichloroplastal and antimitochondrial effect was especially expressed. Damage to the thylakoid system of chloroplasts was more pronounced with increasing Cxn concentration. Some of the mitochondria were swollen and some of them were completely destroyed. From the evolutionary point of view, the correlation between antibacterial, and antichloroplastal and antimitochondrial effect of Cxn points to the evolutionary connection of chloroplasts and mitochondria with eubacteria.

Toxicity testing of herbicide norflurazon on an aquatic bioindicator species--the planarian Polycelis felina (Daly.).

Norflurazon is a bleaching, preemergence herbicide. Due to its mobility and long half-life it presents a potential for groundwater contamination. The aim of our study was to investigate toxic effects of norflurazon on non-targeted aquatic bioindicator organism, the planarian Polycelis felina (Daly.). Animals were exposed to water solutions of norflurazon in concentrations 200, 20, 2 and 0.2 microM. Mortality, locomotive and morphological changes were monitored. Histological changes were studied both on treated and control animals with light microscopy. The primary DNA damage on single planarian cells was studied using the alkaline comet assay. Three comet parameters were studied: tail length, percentage of DNA in comet tail and tail moment. The results showed that norflurazon caused mortality, locomotive, morphological and histological changes in treated animals compared to corresponding controls. The most prominent histological changes were damage of the outer mucous layer, lack of rhabdites, damage to epidermis and extensive damage to parenchyma cells. The results of alkaline comet assay indicated that norflurazon in concentrations of 2 and 0.2 microM induces significant increase of primary DNA damage in planarian cells compared to the corresponding control animals. The mean values of all three measured parameters were significantly elevated on the fourth day of the treatment compared with the first and the seventh day. Based on the results of mortality and locomotive observations, we conclude that the fourth day of the treatment represents a certain threshold within planarian metabolism followed by the beginning of detoxification and recovery. However, histological preparations and comet data statistics show results indicating that high toxicity on the seventh day of the treatment gave the results of decrease of DNA damage due to the tissue/cell damage (apoptosis) and not recovery. The present study showed the ability of norflurazon to induce a wide range of different toxicological responses in freshwater planarian Polycelis felina (Daly.).

[Spectrophotometric determination of phenol and sodium tosylchloramide]. / Spektrofotometrijsko odredivanje fenola i tosilhloramid-natrijuma.

A possible quantitative analysis of oil injections of phenol and tosylchloramide sodium solution using the spectrophotometric method in the UV field has been examined. The results have been compared with results of official methods, bromometry and iodometry. The proposed spectrophotometric method is suitable due to its speed and simplicity in work giving precise and reproducible results.