STATUS OF GLUTATHIONE-DEPENDENT LINK OF BLOOD ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM UNDER APPLICATION OF FENUGREEK SEED POWDER IN ANIMALS WITH EXPERIMENTAL OBESITY.

The content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes: glutathione peroxidase (GP) and glutathione-S-transferase (GT) in blood serum of rats in the diet supplemented of fine powder seeds Trigonella foenum graecum L. on the background of experimental obesity. It was established that the development of obesity in rats was accompanied by violation of homeostasis in the glutathione-dependent system of blood serum. It has been shown that animals on high-calorie diet-along 14 weeks had a decrease (1,2) in GSH concentration, a decline (1,7) in GP activity and the increase (1,7) of GT activity compared with control values. Addition to high-calorie diet 2% fine powder seeds Trigonella foenum graccum L. reduced the body weight gain by 21%, carried positive modulating effect on the content of GSH and GP, GT activity in animals with experimental obesity.

[Change in glutathione content in rat thymocytes under apoptosis induced by H2O2 or irradiation].

Glutathione (GSH) content as well as GSH-peroxidase and GSH-reductase activity in isolated rat thymocytes X-irradiated in a dose of 4.5 Gy or treated with 0.1 mM H2O2 were studied in a period preceding the appearance of apoptosis morphological symptoms. The early adaptive response of thymocytes to radiation - increase of both GSH content and glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity was revealed. On the contrary the rapid fall of GSH level in H2O2-treated thymocytes was observed simultaneousely with glutathione reductase inhibition and enhanced GSH consumption by glutathione peroxidase, this disbalance of GSH-dependent antioxidant system probably facilitates mitochondrial way of apoptosis.

[Calcium homeostasis during thymocyte apoptosis. I. Increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration at the early stage of apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide]. / Kal'tsievyi gomeostaz v timotsitakh pri apoptoze. I. Povyshenie kontsentratsii tsitozol'nogo Ca2+ na rannei stadii apoptoza, indutsirovannogo peroksidom vodoroda.

The concentration of free cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), 45Ca2+ entry and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) after x-irradiation in a dose of 4.5 Gy or 0.1 mM H2O2-treatment were investigated in isolated rat thymocytes during the period preceding electrophoretically detected DNA intranucleosomal fragmentation. Using fura-2 it was shown that the level of [Ca2+]i in X-irradiated thymocytes was not changed as compared with the control, while the GSH content was increased. The gradual increase in [Ca2+]i along with GSH level falling was detected in the H2O2-treated cells. 45Ca2+ entry in the cells exposed to apoptogenic stimuli was not enhanced. After addition of H2O2 to the cells previously treated with thapsigargin further [Ca2+]i increase in both normal and nominally calcium-free medium was detected. Cyclosporine A inhibited Ca2+-mobilizing effect of H2O2, but did not prevent it completely. The role of intracellular calcium depots in calcium homeostasis disturbance during oxidative stress and apoptosis is discussed.