Effect of the Nonstationary Viscous Flow in the Capillary on Oscillating Bubble and Oscillating Drop Measurements.

The dynamic behavior of a bubble or drop oscillating at the tip of a capillary immersed in a surfactant solution is considered. The pressure variation in the cell and the nonstationary flow in the capillary are taken into account. The amplitude- and phase-frequency characteristics of the system are obtained, which contain information about the relaxation processes at the interface and in the bulk phases. Their dependency on the system geometry, the bulk properties of contacting media, and the viscoelastic properties of the interface is analyzed. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

Bubble Oscillations in a Closed Cell.

A theoretical analysis is given to describe the behavior of an oscillating bubble in a closed measuring cell taking into account the finite liquid compressibility and the cell deformation. The results show that the behavior of a closed liquid cell can differ significantly from that of open cells. For example, under the same conditions two stable meniscus positions can be obtained in a closed cell. In a closed cell a meniscus larger than a hemisphere can be stable even when the gas compartment is open, while in an open cell such a meniscus is always unstable. For closed cells the meniscus can jump between the two equilibrium positions either randomly or under the influence of regular factors, such as external pressure, temperature, and surface tension changes. Relationships are obtained for the description of the pressure response on external harmonic perturbations which make it possible to determine the complex dilatational elasticity as a function of frequency. It is shown that the measured signal can depend on the cell properties, which should be taken into account in the interpretation of experimental data. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

Resonance Behavior of Oscillating Bubbles.

A convolution-type equation has been derived to describe the behavior of a bubble under periodical pressure oscillations. This equation holds for a diffusion-controlled adsorption mechanism and small disturbances of the equilibrium state, and it describes both the established and transition regimes of bubble oscillation. Systems free of any surfactant and in the presence of a surfactant are considered. The results obtained allow all aspects of surfactant influence on the bubble oscillation resonance to be analyzed. The sharp increase in the bubble oscillation amplitude may result in bubble detachments, even at rather low harmonic pressure oscillations. The presence of surfactant can result in a depression of the resonance amplitudes. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.