[A plasminogen regulation system in brain tumors]. / Sistema reguliatsii plazminogena v razlichnykh opukholiakh golovnogo mozga.

INTRODUCTION: Tumor progression and neovascularization during malignant processes are believed to be associated with plasminogen activators and the PAI-1 inhibitor, but their role and interactions in various types of brain tumors have been studied insufficiently. AIM: To conduct a comparative study of plasminogen regulation in optic nerve sheath meningiomas, glioblastomas, and brain metastases of breast cancer, as well as in perifocal tissues surrounding the tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Tumors and perifocal areas of 19 breast cancer (BC) metastases, 24 glioblastomas, and 13 meningiomas without perifocal edema were investigated by ELISA in 56 patients aged 35-72 years. Histological control was carried out in each case. RESULTS: Significant differences were found in the levels of urokinase (uPA), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and PAI-1 inhibitor between glioblastomas and breast cancer metastases and the histologically unaltered (relatively intact) tissue around meningioma lesions (p≤0.05 in all cases). The levels of uPA-AG and uPA-act in meningioma were higher than those in the relatively intact tissue, while the levels of both tPA forms were reduced. The levels of uPA-AG and uPA-act in both malignant tumors and their perifocal areas were elevated compared to those in the relatively intact tissue. The levels of both tPA forms were reduced in all other tissues, except for glioblastoma. The level of PAI-1 inhibitor in malignant tissues was higher (being predominant in tumors) compared to that in the intact tissue surrounding meningioma, as well as relative to that in meningioma. The study proves that uPA and its inhibitor PAI-1 are directly involved in the metabolism of malignant gliomas and brain metastases of breast cancer. The role of tPA is to protect meningiomas; tPA activation in malignant brain tumors is suppressed.

Implant-supported fixed cantilever prosthesis: the impact on bone stress deformity. / Konsol'nyi element v nes''emnoi ortopedicheskoi konstruktsii s oporoi na dental'nye implantaty: vliyanie na napryazhenno-deformirovannoe sostoyanie kosti.

Jaw fragment with complete absence of 3 teeth in the chewing area was simulated with masticatory loads corresponding to different types of antagonists: full dentures, partial dentures, intact teeth, implant-refained restavations. Simulated consoled elements of different lengths and sizes of dental implants. The analysis of the stress-deformation state of the teeth construction in the ANSYS program. As a result, it was found that with increasing length of the cantilever element 2 times - stress in the bone grows almost linearly. By reducing the diameter of the implant - is quadratic.

[[Gender Differences in Tissue Cascade of Activation of Plasminogen and PAI-1 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma].]

AIM: comparative analysis of uPA-Ag, uPA-act, tPA-Ag, tPA-act, PAl--Ag and PAl-i-act in tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in men (M) and women (W) to clarify some pathogenesis issues. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Tumor tissue of ESCC and its perifocal area (19 M and 8 menopausal W aged 38-72 years, st 1I, G2, T,3N M0) were studied by ELISA using standard test kits. RESULTS: ESCC tissue of M showed an increase in both uPA types from the resection line (RL), while in W only uPA-act was increased. tPA-Ag was decreased in tumors of W, tPA-act - in tumors of all patients. Levels of both PAl-- types were higher in ESCC of M than in W. in M, tPA-Ag in perifocal area was lower than in RL, while in W, on the contrary, it was higher. tPA- Ag/tPA-act coefficient in M tumors was 5.7 times higher than in W; in perifocal area it was reduced in all patients, being at the same time in M lower than in W. Both PAl- types were increased in malignant tissues of all patients, prevailing in M tumors, and PAl-i-Ag in peritumoral tissue was higher in M than in W. CONCLUSIONS: Significant gender differences were found in expression of uPA, tPA and PAl-i in tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Presence of tumor-associated uPA, PAH and tPA in men and uPA and PAl-i in women is possible in tumor tissue of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its perifocal area. Determination of plasminogen regulation system in tissues of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can be used for the selection and individualization of postoperative treatments.

[Changes in markers of proliferation, neoangiogenesis and plasminogen activation system in rectal cancer tissue].

AIM OF THE STUDY: determination of levelsofsometissuegrowth factors, fibrinolyticsystemindicesand MMP-3 for specifi- cation of the role of their changes in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Levels of growth factors and neoangiogenesis, tissue fibrinolyticsystemindicesand MMP-3were studiedin cytosols of tissue obtained from 73 patients (primary adenocarcinomas, st. III, G2, 47 men and 26 women aged 38-74 years, T1-3N0M0) by the ELISA method using standard test kits. RESULTS: Increase in the content of growth factors VEGF-A, IGF and TGF-ß1, the receptor protein VEGF-R, plasminogen activator uPA and metalloproteinases MMP-3 was detected inadenocarcinoma of the rectum. Gender differences inVEGF-Aand TGF-ß1 content were found. Increase in levels and activity of uPA and MMP-3 only was detected in perifocal zone of the tumor. Changes in EGF content were found neither in adenocarcinoma tissue nor in its perifocal zone. No significant gender differenceswere observed intissue fibrinolyticsystemandMMP-3. Age differenceswere not found either. CONCLUSION. I. Concurrent expressionof IGF-I, IGF-II, TGF-ß1 and VEGF-Aanditsreceptorinmalignanttumortissue, as well as increasedplasmin release from proenzyme and MMP-3 activationis apparently associatedwith the formation ofpathogenic mechanism of vasculature development in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the rectum. 2. Activation of uPA and MMP-3 in perifocal zone of the tumor can serve as an indexof its invasive activity. 3. Genderdifferencesin VEGF-A and TGF-ß1, content in tumor tissue were observed; significant association between natient gender and levels of IGF, EGF. fibinolvsis indices and MMP-3 was not found.

[Serpins in hyperplastic colon tissue].

The purpose of the study was to define α-2-macroglobulin (α-2M) and α-1-proteinase inhibitor (α-1PI) in tissues of malignant tumors and polyps of the lower parts of the colon. 28 patients had malignant tumors of the sigmoid colon or rectum (T3N0-1M0-2), 29 had polyps of the same location. Content of α-2M and α-1PI was studied in cytosols of the central, peripheral and conditionally healthy tissues (of resection line) of the mentioned hyperplasias by the ELISA method using standard test kits. Suppression of a-2M and increase of α-1PI (perifocal zone) were found in malignant tumor tissue, as well as α-1PI maintenance in tumorous focus. Increase of α-2M and decrease of α-1PI were detected in polyp tissue. Changes in physiological balance of serpins were assessed by α-1PI/α-2M ratio in comparison with the resection line. The risk of distortion of proliferation and differentiation processes increases in polyps in ineffective inhibition of proteolysis under the influence of released factors of malignancy. Endogenous or medicamentous restoration of balance of interaction of trypsin-like proteases and kallikrein with inhibitors will probably play the crucial role.

[The kinin and plasmin systems of the blood serum and cerebro- spinal fluid in patients with multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia]. / Kininovaia i plazminovaia sistemy syvorotki krovi i spinno- mozgovoi zhidkosti bo'lnykh rasseiannym sklerozom i shizo- freniei.

The article deals with the role of activation of the kinin and plasmin systems in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid for increasing the blood-brain barrier permeability, immune conflict initiation and as a factor in prediction of further exacerbations of multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia.

[Kallikrein-kinin system of the synovial fluid in closed injury to the knee joint]. / Kallikrein-kininovaia sistema sinovial'noi zhidkosti pri zakrytoi travme kolennogo sustava.

State of the kallikrein-kinin system components (activity of kallikrein and total esterase activity of trypsin-like enzymes) was studied in synovial fluid at the acute period of the knee joint closed injury. The kallikrein activity as well as the esterase activity of trypsin-like enzymes correlated completely with clinical manifestations of the reactive arthritis. These enzymes appear to have a definite importance in development of inflammation in the joint.