Respiratory gas exchange and physiological demands during a fire fighter evaluation circuit in men and women.

We examined the oxygen uptake (VO2) and carbon dioxide output (VCO2) during completion of a circuit developed for testing fire fighters and related performance time to laboratory measures of fitness. Twenty-two healthy university students (ten women) were trained in the tasks then performed the circuit as quickly as possible. Breath-by-breath gas exchange and heart rate were continuously measured with a portable system. Median circuit time was 6:13 (min:s, 25-75% = 5:46-6:42) for men and 7:25 (25-75% = 6:49-10:21) for 8 women finishers (P = 0.023), and VO2 averaged 68 and 64% VO2max for the men and women during the circuit. Both men and women had high respiratory exchange ratios (>1.0) suggesting marked anaerobic energy contribution. Physiological variables associated with circuit time were assessed by backward stepwise regression yielding a significant model that included only peak work rate during arm cranking exercise as a function of circuit completion time across men and women combined (P < 0.001). For men, but especially for women, the time required for the simulated victim drag (68.2 kg mannequin) was positively correlated with total time to complete the other circuit elements (r = 0.51, r = 0.96 respectively). The simple correlation between circuit time and VO2max (mL/kg/min) revealed poor relationships for men (r = -0.37, P > 0.05) and women (r = 0.20, P > 0.05). These data demonstrated that upper body fitness as reflected by peak work rate during arm cranking correlated with total circuit time for the men and women in our population sample.

Infrasellar craniopharyngioma: case report.

We report a case of infrasellar craniopharyngioma in a 34 year-old woman who presented with progressive headache and diplopia. Computed tomographic and magnetic resonance images showed a heterogeneous tumor originating from the sphenoid bone with ethmoid sinus and sella turcica extension. A sublabial rhinoseptal transsphenoidal surgery was performed. Craniopharyngiomas with infrasellar development are very rare. Infrasellar craniopharyngioma is uncommon, thirty-five cases has been reported in literature. The embryology, clinical features and radiographic investigation of these tumors are discussed.

Anatomoradiological correlation of the intersection of the carotid siphon with the dura mater.

In order to obtain frames of reference to determine the place of intersection of the carotid siphon with the dura mater in conventional arteriograms, a debated topic lacking general agreement in the literature, 34 cadaveric sphenoids were prepared with the injection of radiopaque medium in both internal carotid arteries. After having marked the dura mater with steel wire, the pieces were radiographed in lateral view. The points of intersection of the clinoclinoid line and the sphenoidal line with the internal carotid artery as well as the emergence of the ophthalmic artery and its posterior projection were marked on the radiographs obtained. The distances between the various points were measured and submitted to statistical treatment. The results showed multiple regressions with a strong correlation coefficient in two equations. A table was built in which, knowing the distances between the points of the clinoclinoid and the sphenoidal plane lines and those of the ophthalmic artery and its projection, the position of the dura mater which covers the cavernous sinus may be estimated in arteriograms.

Metastases intracranianas. Estudo de 147 casos. / Intracranial metastases: Study of 147 cases

Sao analisados 147 casos de metastases intracranianas quanto a distribuicao etaria, manifestacoes clinicas, topografia, orgaos de origem, tipos histologicos e resultados obtidos pelas terapeuticas instituidas. Os criterios de selecao para o tratamento cirurgico sao comentados

[Spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hematomas: apropos of 28 cases]. / Hematomas intraparenquimatosos espontâneos supratentoriais.

Twenty eight patients with supratentorial spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage have been reviewed as concerns the location disclosed by angiography, the morbidity and the mortality. The results are analysed with consideration to the presence of arterial hypertension, consciousness disfunction and topography of the lesion. The conflicting opinions in the literature concerning the surgical treatment of spontaneous intercerebral hemorrhage are pointed out.