[The spectrometry of isomers of triglycerides of fatty acids in fatty buttery products: butter and palm oil.]

In organism, differences in physical chemical properties and physiological role of positional isomeric forms of triglycerides of fatty acids consumed with food are well known. The Raman spectroscopy to analyze there is possible to be applied. Both of these circumstances are to be considered and applied in resolving practical issues of dietetics, i.g., in detection of falsification and replacement of butter and spreads with palm oil, as well as in monitoring ratio of fatty consumed by patients with cardiologic and oncologic pathology. The purpose of study is to determine possibilities of analyzing positional fatty acids isomers specific for butter and palm oil using portable and operational spectrometers of absorption in near infrared range. The technique of projections on latent structures was applied to obtain calibrations of spectrometers to detect content of 7 regulated fatty acids and percentage of milk fat and palm oil in fat-oil mixtures according specters of Raman and near infrared range spectrometers. The possibility of identifying positional isomers of animal and vegetable triglycerides according Raman spectra was confirmed. Besides, it is established that efficiency of determining (reliability, accuracy and selectivity) the proportions of the above oils using both Raman spectra and near-infrared optical density spectra was much higher than when calculating the percentage of the same oils using the content of 7 fatty acids. This fact reflects sensitivity of near infrared range absorption spectra both to length of the carbon chain and degree of unsaturation (number of double bonds C=C) of fatty acids and positional isomeric forms of triglycerides. The obtained data are used in formulating technical requirements and conditions for application of portable near infrared range spectrometer for mass analysis of fat-oil products.

[THE DETECTION OF CONTENT OF DIAGNOSTICALLY SIGNIFICANT FATTY ACIDS AND INDIVIDUAL TRIGLYCERIDES IN BIOLOGICAL MEDIUMS BASED ON INFRARED SPECTROMETRY].

The content of clinically important fatty acids and individual triglycerides in food and biological mediums are traditionally detected by gas and fluid chromatography in various methodical modifications. The techniques are hard-to-get in laboratories of clinical biochemistry. The study was carried out to develop procedures and equipment for operative quantitative detection of concentration of fatty acids, primarily palmitic saturated fatty acid and oleic mono unsaturated fatty acid. Also detection was applied to sums ofpolyenoic (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid) fatty acids in biological mediums (cod-liver oil, tissues, blood plasma) using spectrometers of short-range infrared band of different types: with Fourier transform, diffraction and combined scattering. The evidences of reliable and reproducible quantitative detection offatty acids were received on the basis of technique of calibration (regression) by projection on latent structures using standard samples of mixtures of oils and fats. The evaluation is implemented concerning possibility of separate detection of content of palmitic and oleic triglycerides in mediums with presence of water The choice of technical conditions and mode of application of certain types of infrared spectrometers and techniques of their calibration is substantiated

Circular dichroism of crude oil and its derivatives. Role of permolecular structures.

Petrols with different octane numbers, diesel fuel and solutions of crude oil in toluene have been studied by the methods of absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy and correlation spectroscopy of scattered light. Circular dichroism signal was registered for crude oil solutions in the spectral ranges corresponding to the measured earlier resonance absorption of asphaltene solutions in toluene. We show that the optical activity of crude oil solutions is due to the aggregation of asphaltene molecules in one spectral range and is intensified with the aggregation of asphaltene molecules in another spectral range. Petrols have no optical activity. The optical activity registered for diesel fuel is possibly due to the aggregation of asphaltene molecules.