[The effect of epigenetic polymorphism of corn seeds on their germination rate and resistance of seedlings under UV-C exposure].

The hypothesis on connection between various germination rates of seeds that are not in dormancy with their epigenetic polymorphism has been checked. It was shown that seedlings which were characterized with different germination rates had different methylation patterns of transcribed and satellite DNA. Different cytogenetic characteristics and their changes were observed under UV-C irradiation as well.

[Corn plant DNA methylation pattern changes upon fractional UV-C irradiation].

Relationship of changes of methylation pattern of functionally different parts of DNA and chromosomal aberration yield was studied at the conditions of the fractionating of UV-C irradiation. Combination of restriction analysis (Hpall, MspI, MboI enzymes) with the subsequent raising of PCR (internal transcribed space ITS1, 1TS4 and inter simple sequence repeat - ISSR, 14b primers) was used. The got results testify to the changes in methylation pattern of satellite and transcription active part of DNA atan irradiation in the mode of fractionating and depending on fraction time ranges. The role of the methylation DNA pattern change in development of radiation damage and induction of organism protective reactions was discussed.

[Fractionated UV-C irradiation effects on the changes of transcribed and satellite DNA methylation profile and unstable chromosomal aberration yield].

Interaction between changes of functionally different DNA methylation pattern and chromosomal aberration yield under fractionated UV-C exposure at the doses-of 6.2-9 kJ/m2 have been investigated. Two ways of meristematic tissue renewal after irradiation have been revealed on the grounds of statistical analysis. To estimate changes in the methylation pattern of transcribed and satellite DNA the restriction analysis was carried out. The restriction reaction was followed by PCR with ITS1(19b), ITS4(20b) and ISSR(14b) primers. The obtained data indicate specific changes in the methylation pattern of transcribed and satellite DNA parts under fractionated irradiation with different fraction ranges. Possible role of these changes in the progressing irradiation damage and inducible protection reactions is discussed.

[Changes in wheat DNA methylation pattern after chronic seed gamma-irradiation].

Alterations of DNA methylation patterns of wheat two varieties--Odessa' albatross and Donetsk 48 have been studied. Seeds were irradiated for 4 months with low dose rate (3 x 10(-7) Gy/s). Six restriction endonucleases were used in the experiments. Primary distinction in DNA methylation patterns of the studied varieties has been demonstrated. The chronic irradiation resulted in the increase of methylation level on the sites of recognition for Glul and Sou3Al and in the decline of this index for the sites of recognition of GlaI and HpaII. The meaningful increase of chromosome aberration levels was demonstrated at the same accumulated dose of chronic irradiation. The role of changes of DNA methylation patterns in development of radiation damage and organism protective reactions is discussed.

[Association of P-mobile element activity and DNA methylation pattern changes in the conditions of Drosophila melanogaster prolonged irradiation].

Association of the radiosensitivity and epigenetic pattern DNA changes at the conditions of prolonged irradiation was investigated. Two laboratory Drosophila melanogaster strains (Canton-S and ri) irradiated for 20 generations to low doses rate (1.2 x 10(-1), 0.8 x 10(-8) and 0.12 x 10(-8) Gy/s) were used as experimental objects. DNA for the analysis was extracted separately for the flies of males and females. Restriction endonucleases Glul, Glal were used. Restriction analysis has shown that there are different DNA methylated patterns for males and females as for control and exposed variants. At the chronic irradiation there was the decline of methylation level at the enzymes Glul, Glal sites recognition.

[Dynamics of gonadal dysgenesis frequency in Drosophila melanogaster under controlled conditions of chronic radiation exposure].

Two Drosophila melanogaster strains (Canton-S and ri-lines) for 20 generations were in the controlled terms of chronic irradiation with 3-dose rate (1,2 x 10(-8); 0,3 x 10(-8); 0,12 x 10(-8) Gy/c). The dynamics of hybrid dysgenesis frequency was explored for each generation of F1 descendants from Canton-S and ri-lines crossing. The gradual change of dose response of hybrid dispense depending on duration of irradiation of ancestors and dose rate was shown. The complex dynamics of hybrid dysgenesis frequency depending on irradiation duration of ancestors and dose rate was detected. The cumulative effect of the prolonged irradiation shows up as adaptation at the lowest dose rate and as exhaustion at the highest dose rate. Question comes into discussion about the features of transitional process and including of protective and adaptive reactions hierarchy at the conditions of radiation factor chronic action.

[The effects of the distance interaction of the exposed and unexposed plants].

The effects of the distance interaction between the irradiated and unirradiated corn plants in the conditions of water culture were investigated. The change of biological and radiobiological reactions (radioadaptation) is shown at the helped unexposed plants, and also oppressing, as compared to the exposed homogeneous culture, similar indexes at the exposed plants from mixed culture.

[The dynamics of P-mobile Drosophila melanogaster element activation in controlled terms of protracted irradiation].

Verification of hypothesis about mobile element activation radiosensitivity change in the conditions of the prolonged irradiation was the research goal. The estimation of orientation of these changes depending on the accumulated dose and their characteristic times were conducted. Two Drosophila melanogaster strains (Canton-S and P-lines) for 20 generations were in the controlled terms of chronic irradiation with 3-dose rate (1.2 x 10(-8), 0.6 x 10(-8) and 0.12 x 10(-8) Gy/c). The dynamics of hybrid dysgenese frequency was explored for each generation of F1 descendants from Canton-S and P-lines crossing. The gradual change of dose response of hybrid disgenesis depending on duration of irradiation of ancestors and dose rate was shown. The complex dynamics of hybrid dysgenese frequency depending on irradiation duration of ancestors and dose rate was shown. The cumulative effect of the prolonged irradiation shows up as adaptation at the lowest dose rate and as exhaustion at the highest dose rate. Question comes into discussion about the features of transitional process and including of protective and adaptive reactions hierarchy at the conditions of radiation factor chronic action.

[The dynamics of cytogenetic anomalies output in seedling merysteme at the chronic irradiation of seeds].

The dynamics of chromosomal aberrations in seedling root merysteme is explored in various terms of irradiation of two genotype corn dry seeds. The effects of chronic irradiation with low rate dose, with acute and with combined irradiation are explored in the different terms of seed storage. It is shown that the output of chromosomal aberrations and of the efficiency of irradiation (1/Gy) change depending on the accumulated dose of chronic irradiation and for both genotypes are described by unmonotonous functions. Efficiency of acute irradiation changes the dependence on the terms of seed storage. The efficiency of chronic irradiation considerably exceeds the efficiency of acute irradiation. Antagonistic effect of combined irradiation dry seeds of one of genotypes is marked.

Reconstruction and forecast of doses due to ingestion of 137Cs and 90Sr after the Chernobyl accident.

The assessment doses due to ingestion of (137)Cs and (90)Sr for the population suffering from the Chernobyl accident was performed on the basis of the new mechanistic ecological model for assessment of radiological consequences of agricultural lands contamination (EMARC). The EMARC model allows estimation of internal doses based on ecological factors influencing the contamination of foodstuff, for the post-accidental years in the countries of the former Soviet Union. The EMARC model allows estimation of all quantities required in radiation hygiene practice. For example, the proposed analytical method may be used for both retrospective dose reconstruction and prospective estimates of annual dose and integrated "life-time" dose, for different age intervals. According to the EMARC model, estimated reference "life-time" doses for adults are between 7 and 269 microSv kBq(-1) m(2) for (137)Cs, and between 25 and 235 microSv kBq(-1) m(2) for (90)Sr. Maximal doses were estimated for persons who were 3, 9 and 11 years old, at the time of the accident and these doses exceed those for adults by a factors of 1, 5 for (90)Sr, and 1.4 for (137)Cs.

[Soil-plant linkage and expected doses in humans from incorporated long-lived radionuclides]. / Zveno "pochva--rastenie" i ozhidaemye dozovye nagruzki na cheloveka ot inkorporirovannykh dolgozhivushchikh radionuklidov.

The algorithm for calculation of the expected received dose resulted from intake of long-lived 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides accepted with food has been proposed. The contamination rate and agrochemical type of soils which were involved into trophical chain formation were considered in evaluation of radionuclide level in diet. The calculation of dose loading was made for seven main types of soil in Ukrainian wooded district.

[Statistical criterium of pollution heterogeneity in the research of biotic factors of radionuclides migration]. / Statisticheskii kriterii geterogennosti zagriazneniia pri issledovanii bioticheskikh faktorov migratsii radionuklidov.

The nature of the radionuclide contamination resulting from Chernobyl disaster is in its spatial and aggregate heterogeneity determined by the interaction of systematic and incidental factors. To study the radionuclide migration in the soil-plant system, an independent statistical index of contamination heterogeneity H = RAsAp is proposed which is calculated as a Brave-Pirsens coefficient of linear correlation between radioactivity of soil and dry biomass of plants grown on it and which allows to determine relative range of contamination that appears in the form of "hot particles". An adequacy of this index is substantiated, and it is used to analyze the experimental results on radionuclide migration.