RESUMO
The incidence of growth spurts, defined as periods during which growth exceeds growth in the previous period by more than twice the measurement error, is evaluated for three craniofacial dimensions between 5 and 12 years of age. Spurts are found throughout the period, with highest peak growth velocities in the younger age ranges.
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Maxilofacial , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Cefalometria , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Mandíbula/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Dimensão VerticalRESUMO
Blirubin causes certain defects in erythrocyte metabolism, mainly in glycolysis. These effects of bilirubin were studied in vitro using a relatively physiological assay medium, which consisted of heparinized whole blood. Bilirubin was added in a small quantity of NaOH solution. In the presence of bilirubin a reduced glucose consumption of red cells and an accelerated depletion in the ATP and glycerate-2,3-bisphosphate concentration was found. Bilirubin levels lower than 50 mumol/l did not influence the glucose consumption. In agreement to other investigations it was established that bilirubin causes haemolysis of red cells. ATP-deficient cells are more sensitive to this effect.
