Environmental Impact Assessment, Human Health and the Sustainable Development Goals.

Objectives: Developmental processes influence the determinants of health and, consequently, human health. Yet, assessing human health impacts in impact assessment, with exception of health impact assessment, is still rather vague. Inclusion of Sustainable Development Goal indicators in environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an opportunity to enhance addressing human health in EIA practices. Methods: We reviewed a list of health-related targets and indicators for SDGs as defined by the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) in Seattle, WA, United States with the aim of identifying those to be suggested as outcome indicators within EIA. Results: Among 42 health-related indicators, we identified 17 indicators which could be relevant for impact assessment procedures and categorized them into three groups: 1) direct health indicators (e.g., under five mortality). 2) complex indicators (e.g., cancer). 3) environmental determinant indicators (e.g., mean PM2.5). Conclusion: All 17 indicators can be employed to improve quantification assessing human health impacts and bring SDGs into EIA processes. Though our assessment has been conducted for Denmark and the set of suggested indicators could be different for contexts in other countries, the process of their identification can be generalized.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of a Benign Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast.

SUMMARY: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate a phyllodes tumor of the breast with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. METHODS: MRI of the breasts was performed using a phased array double breast coil with spectroscopic capability on a 1.5T MR scanner. Post-contrast sequential imaging was done, and the subtracted images were evaluated. Timesignal intensity curves were obtained. MR spectroscopy using BREASE software was also performed. RESULTS: MRI combined with MR spectroscopy was used in the diagnosis and characterization of a phyllodes tumor of the breast. CONCLUSION: MRI and MR spectroscopy may offer an in vivo imaging technique for the characterization of phyllodes tumors of the breast.