RESUMO
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy, affecting as many as 5% to 20% of women of reproductive age, depending on the diagnostic criteria applied. Features of PCOS include physiologic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, elevated luteinizing hormone, and increased gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse frequency, which often manifest physically as acne and hirsutism. The clinical presentation of PCOS often mimics normal pubertal physiologic development, which may delay diagnosis and treatment of the condition in adolescent girls. A diagnosis of PCOS has life-long implications and is associated with increased risk for infertility, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, endometrial hyperplasia, uterine carcinoma, metabolic disorder, and cardiovascular disease. In this article, we provide an overview of clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, health consequences, and current evidence-based clinical guidelines for the appropriate diagnosis and management of PCOS in adolescents.
Assuntos
Síndrome do Ovário Policístico/complicações , Adolescente , Anovulação/etiologia , Anovulação/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina/análise , Humanos , Hiperandrogenismo/etiologia , Hiperandrogenismo/fisiopatologia , Resistência à Insulina/fisiologia , Hormônio Luteinizante/análise , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/fisiopatologia , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico/fisiopatologiaAssuntos
Afeto , Fadiga/psicologia , Estresse Ocupacional/psicologia , Enfermagem Pediátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano/psicologia , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado/psicologia , Adaptação Psicológica/fisiologia , Adulto , Ritmo Circadiano/fisiologia , Fadiga/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estresse Ocupacional/etiologia , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano/etiologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Testicular torsion is a urological emergency affecting 3.8 per 100,000 males younger than 18 years. Differential diagnosis of the acutely painful scrotum is crucial for the advance practice nurse to understand. Advanced practice nurses should consider the differential diagnosis of testicular torsion for any patient with testicular pain despite the patient's age, history, or physical examination findings. The standard of care for a patient with testicular pain to rule out testicular torsion is a Doppler ultrasound scan and an emergent urology consult. Immediate attention to this urological emergency will decrease risks to testicular viability.
