The morphology of the rat ovarian network during reproduction and aging.

We studied the morphology of the ovarian network in outbred albino rats of different age. Morphogenetic restructuring of the network during aging were detected. The role of the network in the glandular cystic transformation of the ovaries in aging was discussed.

[Characteristics of surfactant formation after administration of exogenous particles into the lung]. / Osobennosti obrazovaniia surfaktanta pri vvedenii v legkie ékzogennykh chastits.

Increased secretion of type 2 alveolocytes as well as participation of type 1 alveolocytes and macrophages in surfactant secretion were established in the course of intratracheal administration of indigestible mineral particles--natural zeolites to white male rats. Data on surfactant secretion should be taken into account in studying pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis.

[Morphology of pneumoconiosis induced by natural zeolite]. / Morfologiia pnevmokonioza, razvivaiushchegosia pod vozdeistviem prirodnogo tseolita.

Pneumoconiosis was induced in white rats through intratracheal administration of natural zeolite. It was characterized by intensive phagocytosis of the specks of dust, moderate cytotoxic action on the macrophages, as well as inflammatory processes in the vascular system and alveolar epithelium. Zeolite induced fibrosis did not develop to the extent as in case with quartz induced massive collagen formation.

[Characteristics of the morphofunctional status of lung macrophages in the phagocytosis of particles of varying cytotoxic action]. / Osobennosti morfofunktsional'nogo sostoianiia makrofagov legkikh pri fagotsitoze chastits razlichnogo tsitotoksicheskogo deistviia.

The cytotoxic effect of quartz and coal on phagocytizing lung macrophages was studied by transmissive and scanning electron microscopy and histochemically (the detection of acid phosphatase). The level of phagocytic activity, the activity and localization of acid phosphatase, the number and state of organelles, and the type of macrophage surface processes were shown to represent the objective criteria of the morphofunctional state of macrophages and the cytotoxic effect of the particles phagocytized.

[Morphology of experimental pneumoconiosis developing after exposure to lunar soil]. / Morfologiia éksperimental'nogo pnevmokonioza, razvivaiushchegosia pod vozdeistviem lunnogo grunta.

Intratracheal administration to rats of a thin fraction of lunar material delivered by the Luna-16 automatic station from the Sea of Abundance gives rise to pneumoconiosis. The disease is characterized by the formation of granulation tissue consisting of lymphoid cells, macrophages, fibroblasts and cell cooperations (rosettes), by thickening of the basal layer of the aerohematic barrier, by the development of the immune process, blockade of the terminal parts of the lymphatic network, and by the development of the fibrous process. As regards the intensity of fibrous tissue formation, the lunar material might be attributed to the group of weak-fibrogenous dust as compared, for instance, with quartz.

Scanning electron-microscopic and light-optic investigations of erythrocytes in toxic anaemia.

Detailed assessment of the peculiarities of erythrocyte morphology by applying scanning electron microscopy and light-optics methods gives valuable information on the age characteristics, functional failures of the erythrocyte, pathogenesis of anaemia, and also diagnosis. In toxic anaemia caused by the chronic effect of lead and chlorobenzene there is accumulation of aging erythrocytes in blood that are spherical with rough and folded surfaces, fragmented with protuberances, processes, crypt-like hollows, and holes. In lead intoxication there is increased destruction of erythrocytes; anaemia caused by chlorobenzene is mainly due to a decreased entry of the young forms of the erythrocyte into the blood. Light-optics investigation combined with scanning electron microscopy allows a quantitative calculation of erythrocytes with abnormalities of form and surfaces. This may be used as an additional diagnostic test as part of the haematological examination of patients with anaemia.

[Electron microscopic study of the tissue reaction of lungs exposed to quartz dust of varying dispersity]. / Elektronno-mikroskopicheskoe izucheniu osobennostei tkanevoi reaktsii legkikh pri deistvii kvartsevoi pyli razlichnoi disperchosti.

The tissue reaction of the lungs exposed to quartz dust of varying dispersity was studied by light, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. It is suggested that specific clinical manifestations of dust pathology are related to dispersity of silica. The largest quartz-containing dust particles give rise chiefly to the development of dust bronchitis. The most cytotoxic "medium" fractions lead to appearance of nodular forms of silicosis, whereas highly dispersed dust particles of quartz give rise to the development of diffusive sclerotic changes in the lungs.

[Morphologic features of erythrocytes in normal subjects and in anemia caused by lead poisoning (electron microscopic study)]. / Morfologicheskie osobennosti eritrotsitov v norme i pri anemii, vyzvannoi intoksikatsiei svintsom (elektronno-mikroskopicheskoe issledovanie).

The methods of scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to study erythrocytes from normal subjects and those suffering from anemia of lead poisoning genesis. Erythrocytes from normal subjects were shown to have predominantly convex-concave and biconcave shapes. An insignificant portion of ageing erythrocytes of spherical shape and decreased volume had granular surface and consolidated hemoglobin. Normally, in addition to the above-mentioned cells, erythrocytes with an abnormal relief occur: with perforating openings, crypt-like recesses, tubercles and processes. In anemia, the number of atypical erythrocytes increased many-fold. The process of sequestration and fragmentation of hemoglobin-containing particles is one of the mechanisms of anemia development.