[Rectal prolapse]. / Prolaps na rektuma.

A variety of pathogenetic mechanisms underly rectal prolapse. Treatment is predominantly operative. Some of the basic surgical techniques are reviewed. The modification of posterior rectopexy with ampoxen, implicated at the Department of Surgery of the Medical Academy in Sofia, is presented. After exposure of the rectum at the side of the sacrum, the intestine is fixed to the presacral fascia. The aim is to create adhesions. Septic complications are avoided, which otherwise, with applications of other synthetic implants are quite common. Experience is recorded with the application of the method in three patients, who were followed up over a period of 2 years.

[Effect of the E-50 Biostimulant on sperm production in young bulls]. / Vliianie na Biostimulanta E-50 vurkhu spermoproduktsiiata na bitsi.

The Biostimulant E-50 preparation, a biogenic stumulant, was applied to 8 bulls divided into two groups--with normal and with disturbed semen production (lower qualitative indices of semen and higher number of discarded ejaculates). The stimulant was injected muscularly at the rate of 40 cu. cm, twice, at a seven-day interval, with one of the bulls it being used in a second series. Studied were a total of 587 ejaculates taken from the test bulls following treatment. It was found that the agent produced a favourable effect on semen production, the reaction being individual and better manifested with bulls having disturbances. Up to 13.7 per cent of the ejaculates of bulls with normal semen production were discarded, and up to 31.8 per cent of those showing signs of disturbed spermiogenesis. The spermogram indices with some bulls reliably rose (P less than 0.01 and 0.05) in terms of concentration and motility, the number of dead spermatozoa coming back to normal at negligible rise of the pH value.