RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Introduction: The article deals with the peculiarities of physicians' stress in conditions of exam stress in postgraduate education as a structural-functional, dynamic, integrative property of the person, as a result of transactional process of collision of an individual with with the individual stress factors, which includes cognitive representation, the objective characterization of the situation and requirements for the individual. The course of diagnosis and adaptive capacity is considered in terms of physical, emotional and mental capacity, ability for social adaptation, to ensure the successful fulfillment, achievement of life goals, maintain homeostasis, efficiency and health. The aim of the research is to determine the impact of the development of teaching and exam stress on the process of adaptation of doctors in postgraduate education during continuous professional development; to study measures that will prevent the development of stress. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: In the work is used a range of methods: content analysis, bibliosemantic, systematic approach, analysis of products of activity. RESULTS: Review: In the human body there is a mechanism that promotes adaptation to various traumatic environmental factors that can lead to changes in the functioning of the organism. This response to the body is called a general adaptive syndrome or stress response, the main issues of which were worked out by the founder of the theory of stress Hans Sielie. Significant increase in the harmful effects of various factors on the body disturbs its livelihoods and causes the stress of all adaptation systems and in the future can lead to significant damage to the body. At present, scientists are considering several types of stress: biological, psychological, professional, emotional, sports, educational, exam and others. Academic and exam stress is one of the leading places among the causes that cause psychological stress in doctors in postgraduate education. Not successful in building exam can become a psycho-traumatic factors and create a trigger mechanism for reactive depression. Training stress refers to chronic stress while examinations can be attributed to acute stress. CONCLUSION: Conclusion: Therefore, it should be noted that frequent and prolonged stresses are gradually accumulating and may cause health problems. Any stressful situation causes changes in hemodynamics. In general, according to scientists, those people who are able to cope with stress have fewer health problems than those who are too stressed out of stress. Therefore, to manage stress, you need to learn how to control yourself and your emotions and more confidently approach non-standard situations.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Educação Médica Continuada , Médicos/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico , Humanos , Aprendizagem , Ajustamento SocialRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Introduction: This publication focuses on role of physical activity in promoting and protecting health and well-being. Physical activity is a significant risk factor for noncommunicable diseases. The public's awareness of the risk factors of non-communicable diseases is an important component of their control. The aim: To estimate the level of knowledge of the working age population regarding the essence of a healthy lifestyle and risk factors for non-communicable diseases (with an emphasis on lack of physical activity and its consequences) according to qualitative and quantitative sociological research. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The method of in-depth interviews (N20) and the method of personalized formal interviews (N2000) have been used. The survey among the representative sample of the population of working age was carried out according to a specially developed methodology of qualitative and quantitative research stages and data collection tools. The research was conducted in 2017 on request of the Dnipropetrovsk Regional State Administration with the financial support of the World Bank. RESULTS: Results: 90.2% of respondents are convinced of the importance of such a risk factor as hypodynamia in the onset and progression of non-communicable diseases (including cardiovascular). More than half of them consider daily exercise necessary for health. At the same time, only a third (35.1%) are engaged in physical exercises regularly. Among them, the overwhelming majority reported daily exercises (71.2%), 12.2% were engaged only on weekends. One in three considered it unnecessary to consult a physician before exercises. 55.6% of those who did not regularly engage in physical activity, the reason for this was the lack of free time, 36.1% - laziness, a quarter preferred to rest in a passive way. CONCLUSION: Conclusions:The awareness of the population of Dnipropetrovsk region about physical activity is estimated as insufficient. There is a need for the training of family medicine specialists and information work to minimize this risk factor and develop the motivation of the population to make healthy choices, using these sociological surveys.
