Possibility of Protic Ionic Liquids Formation From Triethanolamine with Sulfonamides.

In this work, we have studied the products of interaction of triethanolamine with sulfonamides (4-chloro- and 4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide) and with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide to show that it is possible to form protic ionic liquids. By using the hybrid functional B3LYP, we have made quantum-chemical calculations of the structure and energy of the formed compounds, and as part of the Natural bond orbital analysis, we have calculated the hydrogen bonds parameters. The structures of the obtained compounds have been confirmed by IR and NMR spectroscopy. On the basis of the obtained data, we have made a conclusion that triethanolamine with 4-chloro- and 4-nitrobenzenesulfonamides forms hydrogen-bonded complexes, whereas with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide is forms a salt. We have determined the thermal characteristics of all of the obtained compounds, and for bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium salt, the electric conductivity as well.

Use of potentiated preparations to relieve alcohol and opium withdrawal syndromes.

The efficiency of potentiated preparations from ethanol and morphine hydrochloride in the therapy of patients with alcohol and opium withdrawal syndromes was compared in an open clinical trial. Potentiated ethanol relieved the major clinical manifestations, possessed hypnagogic properties, and reduced the severity of neurological and vegetative disorders in patients with the alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Potentiated morphine produced the anxiolytic, myorelaxing, and analgetic effects. Test preparations did not cause side effects.

Proproten-100 in the therapy of patients with the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

The efficiency of Proproten-100 containing antibodies to S100 protein in ultralow doses and used to relieve somatovegetative and psychoneurological manifestations of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome was studied in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The preparation possessed anxiolytic, sedative, hypnagogic, and vegetostabilizing properties. Proproten-100 more rapidly relieved the alcohol withdrawal syndrome than standard drugs (by 2 times). Proproten-100 may used in combination with detoxicating and symptomatic drugs to treat patients with severe disorders. The preparation did not cause side effects. Our observations indicate that Proproten-100 may be used alone (monotherapy) or in combination with standard pharmaceutics for treatment of patients with the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.

Comparative efficiency of Proproten-100 during the therapy of patients with alcoholism in the stage of therapeutic remission.

An open comparative clinical study evaluated the efficiency of Proproten-100 in reliving affective, somatovegetative, behavioral, and cognitive post-withdrawal disorders and manifestations of primary pathological alcohol addiction in patients with alcohol dependence in the stage of therapeutic remission. We compared the efficiency of Proproten-100 and standard symptomatic drugs. The preparation possessed anxiolytic, antidepressant, and vegetostabilizing properties, produced a moderate soporific effect, and had no sedative activity in patients with dysphoric depressions and psychopathic disorders. Proproten-100 was more effective during the therapy of patients with anxious and wistful depressions. Proproten-100 increased the contents of IgG and natural antibodies against S100 protein in the blood from patients. The preparation did not cause side effect or development of tolerance. Proproten-100 has psychotropic properties and holds much promise for long-term treatment of patients with alcohol dependence to reduce the incidence of recurrences.

Psychotropic activity of the antialcohol preparation Proproten-100.

Antidepressant activity of Proproten-100 (antibodies to brain-specific S100 protein in ultralow doses) in patients with stage II alcohol dependence and alcohol withdrawal syndrome was studied in an open comparative clinical trial. The tricyclic antidepressant amitriptyline and benzodiazepine tranquilizer phenazepam served as reference preparations. Anxiolytic activity of Proproten-100 was highly competitive with that of phenazepam. Proproten-100 produced a stronger thymoleptic effect than amitriptyline. The preparation possessed activating properties, affected alcohol addiction, and did not cause side effects. Proproten-100 should undergo clinical tests during the therapy of neurotic, neurosis-like, and subdepressive borderline disorders.

Use of ANAR for the therapy of opium withdrawal syndrome.

We studied the efficiency of ANAR containing antibodies to morphine (dilutions C300 and C200) in the therapy of patients with the opium withdrawal syndrome. In patients with moderate to severe forms of the opium withdrawal syndrome therapeutic activity of ANAR was comparable to that of standard symptomatic drugs. ANAR possessed vegetostabilizing, sedative, and analgetic properties. Treatment with ANAR allowed us to reduce doses of psychotropic and analgetic preparations and delay the development of withdrawal symptoms by 18-24 h.

Clinical evaluation of non-narcotic substitutive effects produced by ANAR during the therapy of patients with heroin abuse.

The substitutive effects of potentiated ANAR (affinely purified antibodies to morphine hydrochloride in dilutions C30 and C200) used to relieve the opium withdrawal syndrome in 149 patients with heroin abuse were studied in an open standardized clinical trial. Over the first 2 days of therapy the preparation produced the vegetostabilizing, sedative, anxiolytic, neuroprotective, and moderate analgetic effects. During the therapy of patients with opium intoxication ANAR delayed the appearance of symptoms for the opium withdrawal syndrome by 18-30 h. This phenomenon allows us to shorten the period of urgent therapy and decrease doses of symptomatic drugs. Our results show that ANAR possesses substitutive properties and may be used to relieve the opium withdrawal syndrome and post-withdrawal disorders resulting from heroin abuse in remission.

[Effect of fenibut on the nocturnal sleep of patients with the alcoholic abstinence syndrome]. / Vliianie fenibuta na nochnoi son bol'nykh s alkogol'nym abstinentnym sindromom.

The authors studied the effect of the tranquilizer phenibut on sleep disturbances in alcoholics at the initial period following alcohol withdrawal. Sleep was registered polygraphically during 2 nights in 12 patients taking the drug and in 10 control patients. The drug did not affect the latent period of falling asleep, increasing, however, the duration of two major phases of sleep and reducing the duration of the drowsiness stage. There was no marked influence on the subjective assessment of sleep.

[Effect of phenazepam on the nocturnal sleep of patients with the alcoholic abstinence syndrome]. / Vliianie fenazepama na nochnoi son bol'nykh s alkogol'nym abstinentnym sindromom.

The authors studied the effect of phenazepam, a benzodiazepine derivative, on sleep disorders in alcoholic patients at the first period following alcohol intake discontinuation. Polygraphic registration of the sleep pattern was performed for two nights in 18 patients, receiving the drug and in ten patients of the control group. The drug use was associated with the following events: the latent period of falling asleep diminished, the total duration of sleep increased, the duration of consciousness "inside the sleep" decreased. As a result of the second stage recovery, the duration of the phase of slow sleep enhanced with no evidence of delta-sleep recovery. The duration of the fast sleep phase increased. The patients showed a marked improvement of sleep quality.

[Night sleep in patients with the alcohol abstinence syndrome against a background of detoxification therapy]. / Nochnoi son bol'nykh s alkogol'nym abstinentnym sindromom na fone dezintoksikatsionnoi terapii.

Polygraphic records of night sleep taken in 10 alcoholics for three days after the cessation of the alcohol intake showed the following disorders: a disturbance of the sleep cyclic organization, a sleep fragmentation, a considerable prolongation of the drowsiness (stage I), a sharp reduction of the delta-sleep stages. One to two weeks after the abstinence onset stage I was still too long, and the delta-sleep stage remained shorter than normal, despite a clinical improvement and cessation of complaints.