[Differences in prooxidant effect of neuroleptics haloperidol and aminazine]. / Razlichiia prooksidantnogo deistviia neiroleptikov galoperidola i aminazina.

In the in vitro experiments with hydrobiont Daphnia magna Straus as the test-object the comparative evaluation of the prooxydant activity of two neuroleptics galoperidol and aminazine, was performed. It was shown that galoperidol possesses the pronounced prooxydant activity compared with hydrogen peroxyde. Aminazine didn't display such an action. The exogenios reduced glutathione is capable to protect Daphnia from the prooxydant action of galoperidol may be used for the investigation of anti- and prooxydant effects of toxicants and medicines in vivo.

[The evaluation of the specific activity and side effects of the m-cholinergic blocker pentifin compared to other antiparkinson agents]. / Otsenka spetsificheskoi aktivnosti i pobochnykh éffektov m-kholinoblokatora pentifina v sravnenii s drugimi antiparkinsonicheskimi sredstvami.

Experiments on rodents showed that pentifin, a muscarine antagonist belonging to the group of acetylene amines, possesses a pronounced antiparkinsonian activity. Pentifin is superior in the breadth of therapeutic action and tolerance characteristics to the conventional agents used for Parkinson's disease treatment.

[The role of acetylcholine in the pathogenesis of seizure states of different etiologies]. / Rol' atsetilkholina v patogeneze sudorozhnykh sostoianii razlichnoi étiologii.

Experiments were performed on rats to study the dynamics of changes in some parameters characterizing the state of the cholinergic part of the nervous system during the development of convulsions induced by various convulsants. It is concluded that, depending on its concentration in the synaptic space, acetylcholine may contribute to the development of convulsions or to their arrest. These effects of the mediator are probably due to its interaction with muscarine receptors of various localization and type.

[Ultrastructural changes in the muscle fibers of the rat diaphragm and the dynamics of intracellular calcium redistribution as affected by an anticholinesterase substance--chlorophos]. / Izmenenie ul'trastruktury myshechnykh volokon diafragmy krysy i dinamika pereraspredeleniia vnutrikletochnogo kal'tsiia pod vliianiem antikholinésteraznogo veshchestva--khlorofosa.

Ultrastructural changes of the rat diaphragm muscle fibers and electron histochemical distribution of calcium ions were studied following chlorophos administration in 5, 15 and 45 minutes (dose - 300 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). The local swelling of mitochondrial matrix and the appearance of contractures were found first in postsynaptical region. Then the postsynaptical alterations increased; the swelling and fragmentation of sarcoplasmic reticulum were observed in addition to desorganization of mitochondrial ultrastructure. Granules of the histochemical product were revealed in mitochondria, in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and in filaments. Changes in distribution of calcium ions in the rat diaphragm muscle fibres after chlorophos administration and the role of Ca++ the in the mechanism of muscle alteration discussed.