RESUMO
Taste alteration is an adverse effect of cancer chemotherapy that can cause a decrease in the nutritional status owing to appetite suppression. In most cases, taste alteration is attributed to zinc deficiency, which is treated using zinc-containing formulations, such as polaprezinc. Polaprezinc has commonly been administered to protect against taste alteration during the course of cancer chemotherapy, but its efficacy has not been fully evaluated. In addition, the background characteristics of the patients who are likely to experience taste alteration have not been fully investigated. Therefore, the effectiveness of zinccontaining formulations in the prevention of taste alteration was investigated retrospectively in our hospital. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of taste alteration and the effectiveness of polaprezinc administration in 136 female breast cancer patients who underwent FEC100 therapy between April 2011 and September 2014. We also investigated the relevance of the patient background factors in the occurrence of taste alteration(age, height, weight, body surface area, and levels of hemoglobin, serum iron, albumin, and total protein). Of 58 patients with taste alteration, 20 received polaprezinc, with the following outcomes: taste alteration improved in 70.0% of the patients, no change was observed in 25.0%, and the condition worsened in 5.0%. In a multiple regression analysis, the body surface area and decreased hemoglobin level were found to be significant independent factors that influence the development of taste alteration(p=0.003 and p=0.021, respectively). These results indicate that for patients who receive high doses of anticancer agents according to their body surface area and likelihood of anemia, such as that due to iron deficiency, early administration of zinc-containing formulations is anticipated to prevent taste alteration.
