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2.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26793317

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Hyponatremia is a recognized complication of congestive heart failure (CHF) and is associated with reduced survival. Therefore, early identification and appropriate management of hyponatremia is important. The aim of this study was to determine the general approach amongst Canadian healthcare practitioners and trainees to the identification and management of hyponatremia complicating CHF. METHODS: Respondents completed 15 multiple-choice style questions in 3 case scenarios regarding the approach to management of hyponatremia complicating CHF using an online survey on UKidney.com between November 2012 and May 2013. Results were presented as a proportion of averaged correct/incorrect responses amongst Canadian nephrologists, cardiologists, internists and trainees in each of two domains; pathophysiology and management. Management was further subdivided into correct and incorrect use of diuretic therapy, hypertonic saline, oral urea tablets, vasopressin receptor antagonists (vaptans) and rate of sodium correction. Correct responses were determined by an expert panel of Canadian nephrologists and cardiologists based on review of evidence informed guidelines and current recommendations. RESULTS: There were 1757 responses to our online survey amongst 455 Canadian respondents, 1139 of which were from cardiologists, nephrologists, general internists, or trainees. Overall, the pathophysiology governing hyponatremia in CHF was correctly identified 68.7 % of the time (n = 380 responses, averaged over 4 questions). Hyponatremia was managed inappropriately 43.6 % of the time, with trainees scoring best overall with correct responses 60.3 % of the time (n = 759 responses, over 11 questions). Importantly, an incorrect rate for sodium correction was selected 61.1 % of the time overall, (n = 211 responses, averaged over 3 questions). CONCLUSIONS: This study identified that there are differences in the understanding of pathophysiology and management strategies for hyponatremia in the context of CHF amongst Canadian specialist physicians and trainees. A more consistent approach to hyponatremia is required and might best be achieved through formal knowledge translation.


MISE EN CONTEXTE: L'hyponatrémie, une complication inhérente de l'insuffisance cardiaque congestive (ICC), compromet de façon significative la survie des patients affectés. Dès lors, l'identification précoce de ce trouble chez les patients ainsi que leur prise en charge adéquate revêtent une importance cruciale. OBJECTIF DE L'ÉTUDE: Cette étude visait à définir l'approche préconisée par les professionnels de la santé canadiens et leurs stagiaires en regard de l'identification et de la prise en charge des cas d'hyponatrémie qui résultent d'une complication de l'ICC. CADRE ET TYPE D'ÉTUDE: Cette étude descriptive a été réalisée à partir des réponses colligées à la suite d'un sondage électronique envoyé à des médecins spécialistes et médecins résidents canadiens. PARTICIPANTS: Les participants de cette étude sont un groupe de professionnels de la santé (néphrologues, cardiologues, spécialistes en médecine interne et résidents) canadiens ayant répondu à un sondage en ligne sur UKidney.com, entre novembre 2012 et mai 2013. MESURES: Les bonnes réponses obtenues lors du sondage de 15 questions relatives à la détection et la prise en charge ont été colligées. MÉTHODE: Les résultats ont été présentés en proportion des moyennes de bonnes et de mauvaises réponses aux questions parmi les différentes spécialités des participants pour deux domaines précis : la physiopathologie de l'hyponatrémie et la prise en charge du patient. Ce deuxième aspect a par la suite été subdivisé en prise de décision correcte ou incorrecte en regard des interventions suivantes : l'administration d'un traitement diurétique ou d'une solution saline hypertonique, la prescription de comprimés d'urée par voie orale ou d'antagonistes des récepteurs de vasopressine (les « Vaptans ¼), ou alors une correction du taux de sodium. Les bonnes réponses aux questions avaient été déterminées au préalable, par un comité d'experts (néphrologues et cardiologues canadiens), sur la base d'une révision des données probantes, des lignes directrices et des recommandations actuelles en matière d'intervention auprès des patients souffrant d'hyponatrémie. RÉSULTATS: De tous les professionnels de la santé qui ont répondu au sondage, 455 étaient Canadiens. En répondant à un minimum d'une question du sondage, ces derniers ont fourni un total de 1757 réponses pour analyse. De ce total, 1139 provenaient de néphrologues, de cardiologues, de spécialistes en médecine interne ou de résidents. Dans l'ensemble, les questions traitant de la physiopathologie de l'hyponatrémie conséquente d'une ICC ont été plutôt bien réussies, avec un taux d'identification du trouble à 68,7 % (n = 380 bonnes réponses, calculées sur une moyenne de 4 questions). Il en fut autrement de la portion du sondage qui concernait la prise en charge des patients souffrant d'hyponatrémie où le taux de réussite s'est avéré passablement faible (n = 759 réponses, calculées sur une moyenne de 11 questions) ; les résidents ayant obtenu la meilleure note avec une moyenne de 60,3 % de bonnes réponses. Un fait étonnant a été noté, soit que 61,1 % des répondants (n = 211 bonnes réponses, calculées sur une moyenne de 3 questions) n'aient pu effectuer la correction du taux de sodium adéquatement. LIMITES DE L'ÉTUDE: Cette étude est limitée du fait qu'elle s'appuie sur un sondage auquel les participants répondaient sur une base volontaire et parce que de l'exactitude des réponses se dégageait un parti pris inhérent. De plus, l'échantillonnage du sondage s'avère limité. CONCLUSION: L'étude a permis de constater la présence de différences notables dans la compréhension de la physiopathologie et dans les stratégies de prise en charge des patients qui souffrent d'hyponatrémie conséquente à l'ICC chez les professionnels de la santé canadiens. La prise en charge de ces patients nécessite une stratégie d'intervention plus cohérente de la part des médecins spécialistes et des résidents, et cet objectif pourrait vraisemblablement être atteint par un meilleur transfert des connaissances.

3.
SAGE Open Med ; 3: 2050312115595822, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26770793

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Allergic rhinitis is a common, usually long-standing, condition that may be self-diagnosed or have a formal diagnosis. Our aim was to identify how allergic rhinitis sufferers self-manage their condition. METHODS: A sample of 276 self-identified adult allergy sufferers pooled from social media completed an online survey comprising 13 questions. The survey was fielded by a professional research organization (Lab42). The main outcome measures included the use of prescription and/or non-prescription allergy medication, and interactions with physician and/or pharmacist with respect to medication use. RESULTS: Of the respondents, 53% (146/276) indicated that they used both prescription and over-the-counter medication to manage their allergy symptoms. Of those who used prescription medication, 53% reported that they discussed their prescription medication in great detail with their physician when it was prescribed, while 42% spoke about it briefly. Following the initial prescription, few discussions about the prescription occur with the physician (45% indicate several discussions, 40% indicate one or two discussions, and 10% indicate no discussions). In most cases (~75% of the time), allergy prescription refills did not require a doctor visit with patients obtaining refills through phone calls to the doctor's office or through the pharmacy. Two-thirds of patients (69%) report that they have discussed their prescription allergy medication with a pharmacist, with greater than half of respondents having discussed the use of the non-prescription medication with their doctor. CONCLUSION: Patients with diagnosed allergic rhinitis appear to be self-managing their condition with few interactions with their doctor about their allergy prescription. Interactions with a pharmacist about allergy medication (prescription and non-prescription) appear to be more common than interactions with a physician.

4.
Healthc Manage Forum ; 27(1 Suppl): S17-27, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês, Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25046967

RESUMO

Hospital formularies, guided by the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee, exist to optimize medication use by identifying and designating drugs of choice to guide rational prescribing, ultimately reducing patient risk and costs and improving patient outcomes. Guidelines and a framework exist to guide critical evaluations of medications for formulary listing; however, there may be opportunities to improve and standardize how a formulary change could be instituted in Canadian hospitals. A formulary change at an Ontario hospital revealed that there are some key challenges to the formulary change process including the importance of a robust project plan, appropriate resources, healthcare staff education, and acceptance.


Assuntos
Prescrições de Medicamentos/normas , Formulários de Hospitais como Assunto , Padrões de Prática Médica/normas , Melhoria de Qualidade , Humanos , Ontário , Serviço de Farmácia Hospitalar , Comitê de Farmácia e Terapêutica
5.
Mol Syst Biol ; 3: 89, 2007.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17353931

RESUMO

Mapping protein-protein interactions is an invaluable tool for understanding protein function. Here, we report the first large-scale study of protein-protein interactions in human cells using a mass spectrometry-based approach. The study maps protein interactions for 338 bait proteins that were selected based on known or suspected disease and functional associations. Large-scale immunoprecipitation of Flag-tagged versions of these proteins followed by LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis resulted in the identification of 24,540 potential protein interactions. False positives and redundant hits were filtered out using empirical criteria and a calculated interaction confidence score, producing a data set of 6463 interactions between 2235 distinct proteins. This data set was further cross-validated using previously published and predicted human protein interactions. In-depth mining of the data set shows that it represents a valuable source of novel protein-protein interactions with relevance to human diseases. In addition, via our preliminary analysis, we report many novel protein interactions and pathway associations.


Assuntos
Proteínas/metabolismo , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por Electrospray/métodos , Humanos , Imunoprecipitação , Ligação Proteica
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