[Determination of the value of Na+/H+-metabolism in erythrocytes of patients with arterial hypertension of endocrine origin]. / Opredelenie velichiny Na+/H+-obmena v éritrotsitakh u bol'nykh s arterial'noi gipertenziei éndokrinnogo geneza.

The paper is concerned with the results of determination of a value of Na+/H(+)-metabolism in 66 patients with arterial hypertension of different genesis, including 21 patients with stage 11 essential hypertension, 8 patients with renal hypertension, 25 patients with Itsenko-Cushing syndrome or disease, 7 patients with pheochromocytoma, and 5 patients with primary hyperaldosteronism. The control group consisted of 11 healthy persons without predisposition to essential hypertension. It was shown that a value of Na+/H(+)-metabolism in patients with essential hypertension exceeded a 3.8-fold the control values. In patients with hyperglucocorticism, pheochromocytoma, arterial hypertension of renal genesis, the rate of Na+/H(+)-metabolism was significantly decreased as compared to that of a group of patients with essential hypertension. It could be used in differential diagnosis of the hypertensive syndrome. The problem of the diagnostic value of this indicator in primary hyperaldosteronism needs further investigation.

[Characteristics of neurotic state and transmembrane transport of sodium in erythrocytes in hypertensive and cardiac variants of neurocirculatory dystonia]. / Osobennosti nevroticheskogo sostoianiia i transmembrannyi transport natriia v éritrositakh pri gipertonicheskom i kardial'nom variantakh neirotsirkuliatornoi distonii.

The paper provides findings from an examination of 26 patients with neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD) with the hypertensive syndrome, 18 with NCD of the cardiac type (neurocirculatory asthenia), and 10 healthy subjects. Application of original psychological questionnaires made it possible to detect anxiety neurosis in a cardiac variant of NCD and neurosis with marked conversion in a hypertensive variant of NCD. In the latter, there was an increase in Na+/H+ and Li+/Na+ countertransport rates in the erythrocyte membrane, which was typical of essential hypertension. In the former variant, the Na+/H+ countertransport rate was lower in the erythrocyte membrane than that in the controls, whereas no differences were found in Li+/Na+ countertransport rates between the cardiac NCD patients and the controls.

[Differences in metabolic rate of Na+/H+ in the erythrocyte membrane in hypertension and symptomatic hypertension of renal origin]. / Razlichiia v skorosti Na+/H+ obmena v membrane éritrotsitov pri gipertonicheskoi bolezni i simptomaticheskoi gipertenzii pochechnogo geneza.

Na+/H+ turnover rate in the erythrocyte membranes were measured in 20 patients with Stages II and III essential hypertension, 11 patients with renal hypertension and 10 healthy subjects. The patients with essential hypertension showed a two-fold increase in Na+/H+ turnover rate as compared to the controls. Those with renal hypertension displayed no changes in the rate. The rate of Na+/H+ turnover was not associated with the patients' sex and was the same in Stages II and III essential hypertension. Measuring the Na+/H+ exchange rate was proposed to be an additional diagnostic tool for the differential diagnosis of arterial hypertension.

[Cation transport and calcium-induced hemolysis in the erythrocytes of patients with hypertension and in spontaneously hypertensive rats (comparative analysis)]. / Transport kationov i indutsirovannoi ka'ltsiem gemoliz v éritro- tsitakh bo'lnykh gipertonicheskoi bolez'niu i krys so spontannoi gipertenziei (sravnite'lnyi analiz).

A comparison was made of the physicochemical characteristics of erythrocyte membranes in two strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats, namely SHR and MHS and in patients with essential hypertension (EH). The authors confirmed the results of the previously reported studies that Na+/Li+/H+ countertransport rates were higher in the erythrocytes of patients with EH. The high rate of L1+ sodium-independent efflux hindered identification of Na+/H+ turnover in the rat erythrocytes. Na+/H+ turnover rate was higher in SHR and unchanged MHS rat erythrocytes. The rate of Na+/K+ countertransport was increased by 30-50% in SHR rats and by 90-110% in MHS rats as compared with control animals of respective lines. No difference was found in this parameter in EH patients. The erythrocytes from EH patients and SHR rats showed a higher sensitivity of their K+ channels to elevated intracellular calcium levels. This parameter was unaltered in MHS rats. In the red cells of MHS rats there was a 4-5-fold increase in hemolysis which was induced by higher intracellular calcium concentrations, which was associated with increased activity of a Ca2+-dependent form of protease. The level of Ca2+-induced hemolysis remained unchanged in the erythrocytes from SHR rats and EH patients. It has been concluded that, in terms of membrane abnormalities, in SHR rats are the most adequate model of human essential hypertension than are MHS rats.

[Elevated Na+/H+ exchange in erythrocytes of patients with hypertension]. / Uvelichennyi Na+/H+-obmen v éritrotsitakh bol'nykh gipertonicheskoi bolezn'iu.

The kinetics of proton efflux from erythrocytes with acidified cytoplasm (pHi 6.4) in a medium with pH 8.0 has been studied. The participation of the anion exchanger in this process was blocked by a stilbene disulfonic acid derivative. It was shown that the rate of Na+/H+ exchange (amiloride-inhibited component of proton efflux) is increased 2 fold. The addition of protein kinase C activator (1 microM of TPA) results in the increase of the rate of Na+/H+ exchange by 4 fold.