Lymphoid neoplasms of the oral cavity with plasmablastic morphology-a case series and review of the literature.

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare aggressive variant of large B-cell lymphoma defined as a proliferation of large neoplastic plasmablasts/immunoblasts. PBL was first described as a distinct entity in a group of 16 patients with lymphoma of the oral cavity. Most patients are HIV-positive men. The disease has also been reported in other patient groups, often in association with primary or other acquired immunodeficiency. PBL shows a predilection for the oral cavity, although extraoral involvement also occurs. Because of its rarity, unique clinical features, and overlapping morphologic/immunophenotypic features, care must be taken to distinguish PBL from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and plasma cell neoplasms with plasmablastic features. We report 3 cases of neoplasms with plasmablastic histomorphology involving the oral cavity. The relevant clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features and treatment are presented, along with a review of the literature.

Radiographic evaluation of periapical lesions with and without biopsy-proven actinomyces: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of identifying potential radiometric differences in periapical radiolucencies with and without actinomycotic colonization as seen on periapical radiographs using histopathology for ground truth. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Periapical radiographs demonstrating apical lesions with and without biopsy-proven actinomycosis were included in the study. Lesion sizes were estimated on standardized images using anatomical reference points. The reading session was repeated after 2 weeks, and mean lesion sizes were calculated. All measurements were made by a single, calibrated observer. RESULTS: The mean dimension of lesions with actinomyces was 13.51 × 16.43 mm, while lesions without actinomyces had a mean size of 10.24 × 11.27 mm. CONCLUSION: Apical lesions with biopsy-proven actinomyces may be larger in dimension than those without bacterial colonization. Further controlled studies are required to confirm this finding.

Segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia: review of the literature and case report.

Segmental Odontomaxillary Dysplasia (SOD) is an uncommon, nonhereditary, recently recognized developmental disorder affecting the upper jaw and related dental components. It is a rare condition of uncertain etiology that results in painless unilateral expansion of the posterior dentoalveolar complex, gingival hyperplasia, lack of one or both premolars in the affected area, delayed eruption of adjacent teeth and malformations of the primary molars. Radiographically, the affected bone is thickened and irregular in outline, with coarse trabecular pattern that is vertically oriented resulting in a relatively radiopaque granular appearance. Only a few cases have been reported in the English literature. Considering the rarity of the condition, we report a case of SOD in a pediatric patient who was followed up over a period of over two years. The clinical, radiographic, and histologic features are presented along with a review of the literature.

Malignant cylindroma of the scalp arising in a setting of multiple cylindromatosis: a case report.

An unusual case of malignant cylindroma of the scalp arising in a 79-year-old white female with multiple cylindromatosis is presented. The tumor apparently arose from a cylindroma and had features of spiradenoma. Multiple cylindromatosis is an uncommon hereditary autosomal dominant disease, which is characterized by multiple skin adnexal tumors like cylindromas and trichoepitheliomas and occasional spiradenomas. Cylindroma is an uncommon benign tumor, which originates from skin appendages and is most commonly found on the scalp and face with a strong predilection for middle-aged and elderly females. Although cylindromas are usually benign neoplasms, carcinoma arising in such neoplasms is rare with only sporadic reports in literature. Her family history was negative for a similar disease. The patient's main concern was painful lesions over her right ear that interfered with wearing of her glasses. The clinical, histological immunohistochemical features, and treatment are presented along with a review of the literature.