[The study of mRNA expression profiles of main cell function regulator genes in unchanged colonic mucosa from healthy donors]. / Issledovanie profilei ékspressii mRNK genov, uchastvuiushchikh v reguliatsii osnovnykh kletochnykh funktsii v neizmenennom épitelii tolstoi kishki u zdorovykh donorov.

A comparative analysis of molecular genetic phenotypes of mucous membrane cells in five anatomical regions of the colon in a group of healthy donors was conducted by comparing mRNA expression profiles of 62 genes involved in the regulation of vital cellular function. We used 181 biopsy samples of morphologically unchanged colonic mucosa, obtained from the colon (ascending, transverse-colon, descending, sigmoid) and rectum sections during prophylactic colonoscopy of 58 donors with no colon pathology. The mRNA levels for 62 genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis, proliferation, transcription, differentiation, cell-cell adhesion, and immune response were assessed by RT-PCR. Statistically significant differences were found for the molecular phenotypes of five sections of the colon. The results of the study can serve as a basis for creating a reference database (values of expression profiles), developing methods of differential diagnostics and screening of various pathologies of the colon.

Comparison of Biological Effects of γ-Radiation of Low and Ultra-High Dose Rate on Lymphocytes and Cultured Human Malignant Lymphoma Cells.

We studied the effect of low and high-dose rate photon radiation on activation of cell death by apoptosis and necrosis in malignant cell lines of lymphocytic origin Raji and Jurkat (human B and T-cell lymphomas) and normal human lymphocytes from healthy volunteers. It was shown that photon radiation with ultra-high dose rate induced significantly higher levels of "early" apoptosis and lower levels of necrosis compared to γ-radiation with dose rate used for radiation therapy.

[Effect of metabolizable peptide p16INK4a on short-lived human tumor cultures].

The study was concerned with antitumor action of internalized peptide incorporating a fragment of p161INK4a using a model of short-lived human tumor cultures sampled from resected material. Renal cancer sample showed the greatest therapeutic interval.

Cytostatic and cytotoxic properties of chimeric peptides containing cyclin-inhibiting fragments.

Properties of chimeric peptides containing cell-penetrating sequences and pl6INK4a and E2F fragments were studied in vitro on immurtal cultures of human cells. Both sequences exhibit cytostatic activity. The peptide containing fragment p16INK4a inhibited proliferation during the G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle, while sequence E2F suppressed proliferation in S phase. Both sequences exhibit cytotoxic properties and can induce apoptosis.

[Use of flow cytometry in diagnosis of urinary bladder cancer].

Urinary bladder cancer ranks 11th (10-15 cases per 100,000 annually) in the oncological morbidity registry. Morphological diagnosis is generally confirmed by cytological assay of urinary sediment or lavage liquid. Yet, the method is effective only with low-differentiated cell tumor. Flow cytometry was used at the Center's Clinic (2005-2006) to test urinary sediment from 32 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer. In addition, all patients were tested 3 times by the standard cytological procedure using a mix of azure and eosin (Pappenheim). The sensitivity of the latter method proved to be 31.3% as compared with 65.62% for flow cytometry.