Morphology of the Ovaries in Condition of Inhalation Intoxication with Dust-Saline Aerosols of the Aral Sea in Female White Rats.

BACKGROUND: After some clinical studies of the reproductive health of the female population of the Aral Sea region, we concluded that it is necessary to confirm by experiment the theory of the direct influence of dust-saline aerosols of the Aral Sea on the reproductive system of female individuals. AIM: The purpose of this work is to study the effect of dust-saline aerosols of the Aral Sea on the folliculogenesis process in rats at inhalation intoxication. METHODS: Inhalation in rats was carried out for 30 days for 4 hours a day for 5 days a week in special inoculating cylindrical chambers with the extra-chamber placement of animals in individual boxes and dynamic aerosol delivery. Morphological changes were assessed using electron microscopy. RESULTS: Ultrastructural changes in the ovaries of the experimental study group were characterised by the pathology of all structures of the cortical substance of the organ. The accumulation of lutein pigment, the utilisation of lipid inclusions and the destruction of the complete cell reflected the pathology of estrogen production-an important factor in the postovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle. CONCLUSIONS: Taking into account the proven effect of dust-saline aerosols on the production of estrogen, the violation of the postovulatory phase of the ovarian cycle, we trace the mechanism of folliculogenesis disturbance. This confirms the data of our previous studies on primary and secondary infertility in women living in the Aral Sea region and the necessity of creation and development of preventive measures for the inhabitants of the region.

Comparative Assessment of Women's Reproductive Health in the Areas Bordering With the Aral Sea Region.

AIM: We examined 435 women of Aktobe region and 328 women of South Kazakhstan region, living in areas bordering the Aral Sea region during the study and comparative assessment of the impact of climatic and anthropogenic factors of Aral region on the reproductive health of the female population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The survey based on the comprehensive clinical-functional and laboratory studies accounting the regional and environmental ecological factors. Survey subject was the area of 2 settlements of Aktobe region and 1 settlement of South Kazakhstan region. RESULTS: In all three areas it was revealed that the examined women had the later menarche. There is a trend towards younger age for menopause. The women of South Kazakhstan region often suffer from the pelvic inflammatory disease. CONCLUSION: Perinatal losses, the case of spontaneous interruption and stagnant pregnancy in history, which can be repeated, one in three women has in the zone of ecological disaster.

The Health Status of the Reproductive System in Women Living In the Aral Sea Region.

In order to assess women's reproductive health in the Kyzylorda region (the Aral Sea) of Kazakhstan, 1406 women were involved in an integrated clinical-functional and laboratory examination, given regional and environmental ecological factors. The high level of endocrine gynecological pathology is indicated in the examined women. In both examined zones, there is a late menarche over 16 years old, which is 39%. It is indicated a trend towards younger age of menopause onset. Inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs affect a third of the examined women. In the zone of ecological disaster, every fourth woman has fetal losses, cases of spontaneous pregnancy termination and/or non-developing pregnancies in anamnesis, which can be repeated many times.

Disturbance of Antioxidant Enzymes and Purine Metabolism in the Ejaculate of Men Living in Disadvantaged Areas of Kyzylorda Region.

AIM: Objective of the study was to evaluate the state of the main indicators of antioxidant status and enzymes of purine metabolism in the germ cells of men living in the zone of ecological catastrophe Aral Sea region. METHODS: The criterion for inclusion is the stay of an adult in the Aral Sea area is not less than 5 years, employment in occupations with no more than 2 hazard class. Determination of the activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) was conducted in semen by the method of Nemechek et al., 1993. Determination of the activity of catalase (CAT) was performed according by the method of Korolyuk et al., 1988. RESULTS: Results of the study indicate a change in the activity of catalase and adenosine deaminase, due to increased levels of oxidative stress and the development of the pathological process. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of study, it was put the influence of negative factors of the Aral Sea region in men's sperm of reproductive age gives to disability free-radical processes, that proves changing of ferments of ant oxidative protection Catalase and adenosine deaminase (ADA). This disturbance in men's sperm of reproductive age leading to increased level of oxidative stress and impaired activity of antioxidant enzymes and purine metabolism, responsible for the abnormal transmembrane and intracellular processes, reflecting the degree of imbalance of enzymes.