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Platelet concentrates have seen significant advancement in the field of biological surgical wound additives. The focus is now on second-generation platelet concentrates, which are completely autologous with no external additives. Unlike other platelet concentrates, liquid or injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) is the only one that is obtained in a liquid form. This property widens the horizons for its application to virtually any medical field, including many uses in dentistry. Over the past several years, studies have proposed different variations of i-PRF, such as changes to the protocol by varying centrifugation time, g-force, and other factors. The liquid or injectable form of PRF also allows for other modifications, such as the addition of various biomaterials. This article reviews the current evidence and advancements regarding i-PRF and its potential future applications.
Assuntos
Fibrina Rica em Plaquetas , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Plaquetas , OdontologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests the interactions between bacterial DNA and nucleic acid receptors to play a role in inflammatory tissue destruction. The current study aims to evaluate the expression of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in periodontal disease associated with or without hyperlipidemia and to associate it with the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty participants in the age range of 25-50 years were randomly recruited and divided into three groups, i.e., healthy (Group I), chronic periodontitis without hyperlipidemia (Group II), and chronic periodontitis with hyperlipidemia (Group III). The gingival tissue samples were analyzed for TLR9 using immunohistochemistry, and plaque samples were analyzed for P. gingivalis using polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The TLR9-positive cell ratio in gingival connective tissue for Group II and Group III was 0.95 ± 0.03 and 0.94 ± 0.03, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of Group I, with P < 0.001 (0.88 ± 0.04). These groups also demonstrated significantly higher presence of P. gingivalis as compared to Group I with P < 0.001. There was a positive association between TLR9 in gingival connective tissue and presence of P. gingivalis. CONCLUSION: The results of this study reveal a potential role of TLR9 in chronic periodontitis, in association with P. gingivalis. Furthermore, these variables do not show an appreciable change in hyperlipidemics suggesting a weak relation between TLR9 and lipid levels.
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CONTEXT: Adequate amount of keratinized gingiva is necessary to keep gingiva healthy and free of inflammation. Autografts have been used for years with great success to increase the width of attached gingiva. Autografts, however, have the disadvantage of increasing postoperative morbidity and improper color match with the adjacent tissues. Alloderm(®) allograft has been introduced as an alternative to autografts to overcome these disadvantages. AIM: In this study, the efficacy of alloderm(®) in increasing the width of attached gingiva and the stability of gained attached gingiva was evaluated clinically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five patients with sites showing inadequate width of attached gingiva (≤1 mm) were enrolled for the study. The width of keratinized gingiva and other clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and 9th month postoperatively. RESULT: In all cases, there is the average increase of about 2.5 mm of attached gingiva and was maintained for 9-month. Percentage shrinkage of the graft is about 75% at the end of 3(rd) month in all cases. Excellent colors match with adjacent tissue has been obtained. CONCLUSION: The study signifies that Alloderm(®) results in an adequate increase in the amount of attached gingiva and therefore can be used successfully in place of autografts.
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CONTEXT: Nowadays esthetics plays an important role in dentistry along with function of the prosthesis. Various soft tissue augmentation procedures are available to correct the ridge defects in the anterior region. The newer technique, vascularized interpositional periosteal connective tissue (VIP-CT) flap has been introduced, which has the potential to augment predictable amount of tissue and has many benefits when compared to other techniques. AIM: The study was designed to determine the efficacy of the VIP-CT flap in augmenting the ridge defect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients with Class III (Seibert's) ridge defects were treated with VIP-CT flap technique before fabricating fixed partial denture. Height and width of the ridge defects were measured before and after the procedure. Subsequent follow-up was done every 3 months for 1-year. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Paired t-test was performed to detect the significance of the procedure. RESULTS: The surgical site healed uneventfully. The predictable amount of soft tissue augmentation had been achieved with the procedure. The increase in height and width of the ridge was statistically highly significant. CONCLUSION: The VIP-CT flap technique was effective in augmenting the soft tissue in esthetic area that remained stable over a long period.
