Comparative evaluation of bone regeneration with platelet-rich fibrin in mandibular third molar extraction socket: A randomized split-mouth study.

PURPOSE: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a new platelet concentrate concept consisting of an autologous fibrin gel having accumulation of platelets and the released cytokines in a fibrin clot. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of autologous PRF in accelerating bone regeneration and repair in fresh third molar extraction sockets. The investigators hypothesized the cicatricial properties and accumulation of growth factors in a single clot which will improve bone density and quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PRF results from a natural and progressive polymerization occurring during centrifugation. Two groups were made with bilaterally impacted third molar patients. PRF was obtained and surgical extraction was carried out under aseptic conditions. Quantitative data are presented as mean. Statistical significance was inferred at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Results obtained were evaluated statistically and found a significant difference between the groups in improvement in alveolar bone density of regenerate measured radiographically. The study demonstrates a faster bone formation in the extracted sockets with PRF as compared to control. CONCLUSION: PRF proved to be an autologous biomaterial with useful features that allowed efficient postextraction bone defect filling and faster bone regeneration.

Prevalence of oral parameters in smokeless tobacco-associated precancer.

AIM: To evaluate and correlate the prevalence of Candida species, salivary flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity of oral cavity in subjects with leukoplakia, tobacco pouch keratosis, and healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this prospective study, a total of 25 cases of leukoplakia, 25 of tobacco pouch keratosis, and 50 of healthy controls were studied. Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) for the identification of Candida and HiCrome Candida differential Agar for the species identification of Candida were used. Calculation of salivary flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity was done with Saliva-Check Buffer kit (GC). RESULTS: The prevalence of Candida carriage obtained was considerably greater in the study group associated with smokeless tobacco use. NonCandida albicans Candida species predominated over Candida albicans in speciation among study groups on HiCrome agar and Candida albicans predominated among control groups. Statistically significant values were obtained by comparing the salivary flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity between the study groups and control groups. CONCLUSION: The present study indicated Candida prevalence was seen more in study group than healthy control groups, suggesting increased Candida in smokeless tobacco users. The prevalence of NonCandida albicans Candida species among leukoplakia and tobacco pouch keratosis indicates that there is pervasiveness of significant NonCandida albican Candida species in relation to salivary flow rate and buffer capacity. Therefore, the choice of antifungal treatment promptly must deal with not only resistance but, similarly, with the transformation in predominance from Candida albicans to NonCandida albicans Candida species. The numbers of sample study were considerably less to conclude such result hence, numbers of studies should be performed at larger scale in the particular area.

Effect of Distinctive Moisture Conditions on Push-out Bond Strength of Three Root Canal Sealers-An In-Vitro Study.

OBJECTIVE: Endodontic sealer should adhere to both dentin and the core filling material but the moisture conditions of the canals affect the adhesive properties of the sealer. An ideal sealer with perfect moisture conditions will lead to greater strength of the restored tooth, which may provide greater resistance to tooth fracture and clinical longevity of an endodontically treated tooth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of moisture conditions on the push-out bond strength of three root canal sealers: AH Plus® (Dentsply-Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK), Epiphany (Pentron Clinical Technologies, Wallingford, CT), and GuttaFlow (Coltene/Whaledent, Altstatten, Switzerland). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 120 single-rooted, non-carious teeth were collected for the study and were stored in normal saline. The root canals were prepared using step-back technique. Teeth were divided into four groups based on type of drying procedure used and further subdivided into three subgroups based on the type of sealer used. The samples were cut horizontally to produce slices and then tested for push-out bond strength using Universal Testing Machine (Servo Series 50 kN; P S I Sales Private Limited, New Delhi, India). The specimens were examined for mode of fracture under magnification and the results were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Distinctive moisture conditions for all sealers were observed and the highest strength of AH Plus® was evaluated under moist condition, Epiphany under dry condition, and GuttaFlow under normal condition, respectively. CONCLUSION: Distinctive moisture conditions affect the push-out bond strength of the sealers.

Direct Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation for Simultaneous Dental Implant Placement.

AIM: The present study was done to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) with bovine bone graft (Bio-Oss™) in direct sinus augmentation for simultaneously dental implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 14 patients who fulfill the inclusion criteria, among them 10 were male and 4 were female with PRF with Bio-Oss™. For each patient, bone level was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively after 1, 6, and 12 months with a panoramic X-ray and radiovisiography to evaluate the vertical bone height from the shoulder of the implant to the most apical end. RESULTS: The outcome of the sinus lift and the implants placed was evaluated periodically at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. All the patients underwent two-stage procedures. At the end of 20th week, implants were exposed; radiological parameters were assessed again for implant integration, and prosthetic rehabilitation was started after 2 weeks and it was completed by the end of 24 weeks (6 months postoperatively). Twelve months postoperatively, the endosinus bone gain noted was 7 mm, which indicated the use of PRF with bovine bone graft as a reliable filling material during simultaneous sinus lift and implantation. CONCLUSION: PRF with bone graft (Bio-Oss) is used as an augmentation material after direct maxillary sinus lift, and the resulting bone formation was adequate for placement of dental implant.