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1.
Int J Surg Case Rep ; 118: 109704, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38669807

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Acute epidural hematoma is typically managed with craniotomy. However, there are a few reports on transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) as an adjunctive therapy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 70-year-old female with no obvious history of trauma was transported to our hospital. Computed tomography scan revealed an epidural hematoma of approximately 80 ml with a midline shift of 5 mm. We decided to perform an emergency craniotomy. However, the operating room (OR) was already occupied by a scheduled surgery and it would take 30 min to an hour to prepare it. We opted to wait for our OR, considering that, even if the patient was transferred to another hospital, it would take time for the craniotomy to commence. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: We performed TAE for the middle meningeal artery (MMA) as a palliative measure to prevent hematoma enlargement. The MMA was selectively embolized with 20 % n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA), resulting in no hematoma enlargement or observed complications. The criteria for endovascular treatment of acute epidural hematoma are not yet well-established. This case demonstrates the potential role of endovascular treatment for large acute epidural hematomas in carefully selected patients. CONCLUSION: If there is a time gap before craniotomy, TAE could be considered a viable option for large acute epidural hematomas as a palliative intervention before craniotomy.

2.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons ; 2(7): CASE21367, 2021 Aug 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35855413

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Normal posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) anatomy is highly variable, but bihemispheric PICA crossing the midline to supply the vascular territory of bilateral cerebellar hemisphere is rare. Herein, the authors reported a rare case of ruptured aneurysm that was associated with bihemispheric PICA and successfully treated endovascularly. OBSERVATIONS: A 46-year-old woman presented with sudden headache and loss of consciousness because of an intraventricular hemorrhage due to a ruptured aneurysm that was associated with the bihemispheric PICA. Angiography revealed that the aneurysm was located at the bifurcation between the bihemispheric PICA and the bilateral distal PICA. The ruptured aneurysm was successfully occluded using coil embolization, which preserved the parent artery with no procedural-related complication. LESSONS: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this was the first report of a ruptured aneurysm associated with bihemispheric PICA being successfully treated endovascularly. Aneurysm formation may be accelerated by hemodynamic stress and vascular fragility. For neurosurgeons and neurointerventionalists, it is important to understand the anatomical variation of PICA, especially bihemispheric PICA, which is a potential risk factor for a fatal stroke.

3.
J Clin Neurosci ; 72: 455-457, 2020 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31952971

RESUMO

We report a 55-year-old man with Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis who showed refractory deterioration twice with an increased cerebrospinal fluid cryptococcal antigen titer during the course of treatment. Although the initial deterioration was temporarily improved by placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, he experienced deterioration again. However, he improved after administration of systemic corticosteroids. The present case suggests that systemic corticosteroid can be a choice of treatment to rescue immunocompetent patients with Cryptococcus neoformans meningitis and severe deterioration, even if cerebrospinal fluid analysis shows an increased cryptococcal antigen titer.


Assuntos
Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Antígenos de Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos , Meningite Criptocócica/tratamento farmacológico , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Cryptococcus neoformans , Humanos , Masculino , Meningite Criptocócica/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Próteses e Implantes , Derivação Ventriculoperitoneal
4.
Acta Med Okayama ; 70(4): 237-42, 2016 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27549667

RESUMO

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has a complex and heterogeneous pathology. It is frequently difficult to predict the neurological deterioration of patients with TBI, and unpredictable change may occur even when TBI is mild to moderate. When computed tomography (CT) findings are considered to be inconsistent with the traumatic origin or with the neurological deterioration of patients observed on admission, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is employed based on the standards of our ethical committee. In this retrospective study, we compared CT and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) of patients with mild to moderate TBI in the very acute phase. When the high-intensity lesions on DWI are larger than the high-density lesions on CT images, we defined the imaging finding as a 'CT-DWI mismatch'. Between January 2010 and December 2013, 92 patients were inspected using both CT and MRI at admission, and we detected a CT-DWI mismatch in 35 patients. CT-DWI mismatch was 92.6% (95% confidence interval 79.8-97.9) sensitive and 84.6% (95% confidence interval 79.3-86.3) specific for the prediction of enlargement of the hemorrhagic lesions on repeat CT. CT-DWI mismatch is considered to be useful as one of the predictors of the enlargement of hemorrhagic lesions in patients with mild to moderate TBI.


Assuntos
Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/diagnóstico por imagem , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
No Shinkei Geka ; 43(10): 921-6, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26435372

RESUMO

Penetrating brain injury(PBI)is very rare in Japan. Because there is a very wide variety of pathological condition of PBI, the guideline for the treatment of PBI has not been established yet. We report the unique case of PBI caused by a steel wire piece completely embedded in the brain parenchyma. A 75-year-old man was brought to the emergency department due to ocular injury caused by a steel wire piece. Neurological examination revealed only left visual disturbance. CT scan revealed a steel wire piece located intraparenchymally between the left frontal lobe and the ventricles, but digital subtraction angiography showed no significant vascular injury in the surrounding structures. We performed an open surgery and removed the steel wire piece. Because the steel wire piece was completely embedded in the brain, we used intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy to choose a less invasive approach for the brain. The patient suffered no additional neurological deficit and no sign of cerebral infection or seizure after surgery. He was discharged after a 4-week administration of antibiotics. In most cases of PBI caused by low velocity injury, foreign bodies are not completely embedded in the brain except for remnants after surgical removal. This is the first report of low velocity PBI caused by a foreign body completely embedded in the brain.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral/cirurgia , Traumatismos Cranianos Penetrantes/cirurgia , Aço , Ferimentos Penetrantes/cirurgia , Idoso , Angiografia Digital/métodos , Traumatismos Cranianos Penetrantes/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento , Ferimentos Penetrantes/diagnóstico
6.
No Shinkei Geka ; 42(5): 453-9, 2014 May.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24807550

RESUMO

Sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) are rare tumors. We present a rare case of intracranial invasion of sinonasal small-cell NEC. A 61-year-old woman with nasal obstruction and bleeding was referred to our hospital. Computed tomography showed a polyp-like tumor occupying her left nasal cavity and extending to the paranasal sinuses and anterior cranial fossa. The tumor was removed using a transfacial approach by otolaryngologists and a bifrontal cranial approach by neurosurgeons. In histopathological analyses, we found that the tumor presented with both an epithelial and neuroendocrine nature, and was diagnosed as a small-cell NEC. Post-surgery, she received localized radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and is alive, 18 months after diagnosis. In cases where it is difficult to perform a differential diagnosis of tumors arising from the frontal cranial base and extending to the nasal and cranial sides, NEC should be considered as a possibility.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Neuroendócrino/cirurgia , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/cirurgia , Carcinoma Neuroendócrino/radioterapia , Descorticação Cerebral , Terapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Invasividade Neoplásica , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/patologia , Neoplasias dos Seios Paranasais/radioterapia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
7.
No Shinkei Geka ; 42(3): 233-9, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24598873

RESUMO

Primary leptomeningeal lymphoma(PLML)is a neoplastic meningitis of lymphomatous origin without parenchymal central nervous system(CNS)disease or a systemic tumor. We report a case of PLML that presented with epileptic seizure, and review relevant literature. A 27-year-old man was brought to the emergency department with an epileptic seizure. Two months later, he was again brought to the emergency department with an epileptic seizure. MRI showed enhanced lesions on the surface of the right cerebellar hemisphere, right parietal sulci, and interhemispheric surface of the frontal lobes. We performed an open biopsy and diagnosed the patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the leptomeninges on the basis of histological findings. The patient was initially treated with chemotherapy including high-dose methotrexate(MTX). Because remission was not achieved by chemotherapy, the patient was treated with whole-brain radiation therapy. After onset, the patient survived for 2 years without recurrence. PLML is a particularly rare type of primary CNS lymphoma. The outcome of PLML, compared with general primary CNS lymphoma, is reported to be very poor because chemotherapy including MTX is ineffective.


Assuntos
Linfoma/terapia , Neoplasias Meníngeas/terapia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/terapia , Adulto , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Biópsia , Humanos , Linfoma/complicações , Linfoma/diagnóstico , Masculino , Neoplasias Meníngeas/complicações , Neoplasias Meníngeas/diagnóstico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Convulsões/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
Microsc Microanal ; 20(3): 692-7, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24625988

RESUMO

Electron-beam-induced soft-X-ray emission spectroscopy (SXES) that uses a grating spectrometer has been introduced to a conventional scanning electron microscope (SEM) for characterizing desired specimen areas of bulk materials. The spectrometer was designed as a grazing incidence flat-field optics by using aberration corrected (varied line spacing) gratings and a multichannel plate detector combined with a charge-coupled device camera, which has already been applied to a transmission electron microscope. The best resolution was confirmed as 0.13 eV at Mg L-emission (50 eV), which is comparable with that of recent dedicated electron energy-loss spectroscopy instruments. This SXES-SEM instrument presents density of states of simple metals of bulk Mg and Li. Apparent band-structure effects have been observed in Si L-emission of Si wafer, P L-emission of GaP wafer, and Al L-emissions of intermetallic compounds of AlCo, AlPd, Al2Pt, and Al2Au.

9.
Int J Mol Sci ; 14(12): 23390-401, 2013 Nov 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24287913

RESUMO

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder, which presents with various forms of seizures. Traditional treatments, including medication using antiepileptic drugs, remain the treatment of choice for epilepsy. Recent development in surgical techniques and approaches has improved treatment outcomes. However, several epileptic patients still suffer from intractable seizures despite the advent of the multimodality of therapies. In this article, we initially provide an overview of clinical presentation of epilepsy then describe clinically relevant animal models of epilepsy. Subsequently, we discuss the concepts of regenerative medicine including cell therapy, neuroprotective agents, and electrical stimulation, which are reviewed within the context of our data.


Assuntos
Epilepsia/terapia , Medicina Regenerativa , Animais , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/metabolismo , Terapia Baseada em Transplante de Células e Tecidos , Estimulação Elétrica , Epilepsia/metabolismo , Epilepsia/patologia , Humanos , Células-Tronco Neurais/citologia , Células-Tronco Neurais/transplante , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico
10.
Microscopy (Oxf) ; 62(3): 391-5, 2013 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23307948

RESUMO

A new multilayer-coated varied line-spaced grating, JS4000, was fabricated and tested for extending the upper limit of a grating X-ray spectrometer for electron microscopy. This grating was designed for 2-3.8 keV at a grazing incidence angle of 1.35°. It was revealed that this new multilayer structure enables us to take soft-X-ray emission spectra continuously from 1.5 to 4.3 keV at the same optical setting. The full-width at half maximum of Te-L(α1,2) (3.8 keV) emission peak was 27 eV. This spectrometer was applied to indium tin oxide particles and clearly resolved Sn-L(α) (3444 eV) and In-L(ß1) (3487 eV) peaks, which could not be resolved by a widely used energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer.


Assuntos
Espectrometria por Raios X/instrumentação , Compostos de Estanho/análise , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento
11.
Appl Opt ; 51(13): 2351-60, 2012 May 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22614411

RESUMO

Laminar and blazed type holographic varied-line-spacing spherical gratings for use in a versatile soft x-ray flat-field spectrograph attached to an electron microscope are designed, fabricated, and evaluated. The absolute diffraction efficiencies of laminar (or blazed) master and replica gratings at 86.00° incidence evaluated by synchrotron radiation show over 5% (or 8%) in the 50-200 eV range with the maxima of 22% (or 26%-27%). Also the resolving power evaluated by a laser produced plasma source is in excess of 700 at the energy near the K emission spectrum of lithium (~55 eV) for all gratings. Moreover, the K emission spectrum of metallic Li with high spectral resolution is successfully observed with the spectrograph attached to a transmission electron microscope.

12.
No Shinkei Geka ; 39(6): 569-74, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21628735

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Patients with lung cancer harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation respond remarkably well to tyrosine kinase inhibitors of the EGFR (EGFR-TKI). We examined the relation of the EGFR mutation and the efficacy of EGFR-TKI for metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-one patients with brain metastases from lung cancer were treated in our hospital from January 2007 to October 2010. Among them, 9 patients were examined on their EGFR mutation of tumors using the PNA-LNA PCR clamp method, and were treated with gefitinib, given orally at a daily dose of 250 mg. The drug efficacy for brain tumors was evaluated with MRI and CT. RESULTS: Seven patients had EGFR mutation (4 in exon 19, and 3 in exon 21). Five patients showed partial response, 3 remained stable, and one had progressive disease. All 5 patients who showed partial response had EGFR mutation. One patient who had progressive disease had no EGFR mutation. Three patients (case 1, 2 and 6) among 5 patients who showed partial response were well controlled only with gefitinib (without radiation). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the efficacy of EGFR-TKI for metastatic brain tumors from lung cancer is related to the EGFR mutation of tumor.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundário , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Genes erbB-1/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Mutação , Quinazolinas/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Feminino , Gefitinibe , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
13.
J Cell Physiol ; 226(5): 1390-8, 2011 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20945350

RESUMO

Increased oxidative stress contributes to pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is the oxidation product most frequently measured as an indicator of oxidative DNA damage. Several studies have shown increased 8-OHdG in PD patients. There are few basic laboratory data examining 8-OHdG levels in animal models of PD. In this study, we utilized hemiparkinsonian model of rats induced by intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The urinary 8-OHdG level was measured in relation to behavioral and pathological deficits arising from 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxic effects on the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway. All rats were subjected to a series of behavioral tests for 42 days after 6-OHDA injection. We collected urine samples with subsequent measurement of 8-OHdG level using ELISA kits. For immunohistochemical evaluation, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) staining was performed. Significant increments in urinary 8-OHdG level were observed continuously from day 7 until day 35 compared to control group, which showed a trend of elevation as early as day 3. Such elevated urinary 8-OHdG level significantly correlated with all of the behavioral deficits measured here, suggesting that urinary 8-OHdG level provides a good index of severity of parkinsonism. Urinary 8-OHdG level also had a significant positive correlation with the survival rate of dopaminergic fibers or neurons, advancing the concept that oxidative stress during the early phase of 6-OHDA neurotoxicity may correspond to disease progression closely approximating neuronal degeneration in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. The present results demonstrate that alterations in urinary 8-OHdG level closely approximate onset and disease progression in PD.


Assuntos
Gânglios da Base/metabolismo , Comportamento Animal , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Desoxiguanosina/análogos & derivados , Dopamina/metabolismo , Degeneração Neural/metabolismo , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/metabolismo , Substância Negra/metabolismo , 8-Hidroxi-2'-Desoxiguanosina , Animais , Gânglios da Base/patologia , Biomarcadores/urina , Encéfalo/patologia , Desoxiguanosina/urina , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Progressão da Doença , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Imuno-Histoquímica , Injeções , Atividade Motora , Degeneração Neural/induzido quimicamente , Degeneração Neural/patologia , Degeneração Neural/psicologia , Degeneração Neural/urina , Estresse Oxidativo , Oxidopamina/administração & dosagem , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/patologia , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/psicologia , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/urina , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Substância Negra/patologia , Fatores de Tempo , Tirosina 3-Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo
14.
Brain Res ; 1368: 281-9, 2011 Jan 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20971090

RESUMO

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a well neurotrophic factor with neuroprotective potentials for various diseases in the central nervous system. However several previous studies demonstrated that BDNF might deteriorate symptoms for epilepsy model of animals by progression of abnormal neurogenesis. We hypothesized that continuous administration of BDNF at low dose might be more effective for epilepsy model of animals because high dose of BDNF was used in many studies. BDNF-secreting cells were genetically made and encapsulated for transplantation. Rats receiving BDNF capsule showed significant amelioration of seizure stage and reduction of the number of abnormal spikes at 7 days after kainic acid administration, compared to those of control group. The number of BrdU and BrdU/doublecortin positive cells in the hippocampus of BDNF group significantly increased, compared to that of control group. NeuN positive cells in the CA1 and CA3 of BDNF group were significantly preserved, compared to control group. In conclusion, low dose administration using encapsulated BDNF-secreting cells exerted neuroprotective effects with enhanced neurogenesis on epilepsy model of rats. These results might suggest the importance of the dose and administrative way of this neurotrophic factor to the epilepsy model of animals.


Assuntos
Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/farmacologia , Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/administração & dosagem , Bromodesoxiuridina/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Proteína Duplacortina , Epilepsia/metabolismo , Hipocampo/metabolismo , Ácido Caínico , Masculino , Neurônios/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344
15.
Cell Transplant ; 20(7): 1049-64, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21092409

RESUMO

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is used to treat a variety of neurological disorders including Parkinson's disease. In this study, we explored the effects of striatal stimulation (SS) in a rat model of chronic-phase ischemic stroke. The stimulation electrode was implanted into the ischemic penumbra at 1 month after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and thereafter continuously delivered SS over a period of 1 week. Rats were evaluated behaviorally coupled with neuroradiological assessment of the infarct volumes using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at pre- and post-SS. The rats with SS showed significant behavioral recovery in the spontaneous activity and limb placement test compared to those without SS. MRI visualized that SS also significantly reduced the infarct volumes compared to that at pre-SS or without SS. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a robust neurogenic response in rats that received SS characterized by a stream of proliferating cells from the subventricular zone migrating to and subsequently differentiating into neurons in the ischemic penumbra, which exhibited a significant GDNF upregulation. In tandem with this SS-mediated neurogenesis, enhanced angiogenesis was also recognized as revealed by a significant increase in VEGF levels in the penumbra. These results provide evidence that SS affords neurorestoration at the chronic phase of stroke by stimulating endogenous neurogenesis and angiogenesis.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Estimulação Encefálica Profunda , Neovascularização Fisiológica/fisiologia , Neurogênese , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Animais , Comportamento Animal , Encéfalo/irrigação sanguínea , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/patologia , Doença Crônica , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Eletrodos , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado de Linhagem de Célula Glial/metabolismo , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/metabolismo , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/patologia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo
16.
Brain Res ; 1310: 200-7, 2010 Jan 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19900418

RESUMO

Recent studies demonstrate that rehabilitation ameliorates physical and cognitive impairments of patients with stroke, spinal cord injury, and other neurological diseases and that rehabilitation also has potencies to modulate brain plasticity. Here we examined the effects of compulsive exercise on Parkinson's disease model of rats. Before 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 20 microg) lesion into the right striatum of female SD rats, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected to label the proliferating cells. Subsequently, at 24 h after the lesion, the rats were forced to run on the treadmill (5 days/week, 30 min/day, 11 m/min). As behavioral evaluations, cylinder test was performed at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks and amphetamine-induced rotational test was performed at 2 and 4 weeks with consequent euthanasia for immunohistochemical investigations. The exercise group showed better behavioral recovery in cylinder test and significant decrease in the number of amphetamine-induced rotations, compared to the non-exercise group. Correspondingly, significant preservation of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive fibers in the striatum and TH-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) was demonstrated, compared to the non-exercise group. Additionally, the number of migrated BrdU- and Doublecortin-positive cells toward the lesioned striatum was increased in the exercise group. Furthermore, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor increased in the striatum by exercise. The results suggest that exercise exerts neuroprotective effects or enhances the neuronal differentiation in Parkinson's disease model of rats with subsequent improvement in deteriorated motor function.


Assuntos
Doença de Parkinson Secundária/reabilitação , Condicionamento Físico Animal/métodos , Anfetamina/farmacologia , Animais , Ácido Ascórbico , Comportamento Animal , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/metabolismo , Bromodesoxiuridina/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Corpo Estriado/efeitos dos fármacos , Corpo Estriado/fisiologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Proteínas do Domínio Duplacortina , Proteína Duplacortina , Teste de Esforço , Feminino , Fatores Neurotróficos Derivados de Linhagem de Célula Glial/metabolismo , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos , Movimento/efeitos dos fármacos , Neuropeptídeos , Oxidopamina , Doença de Parkinson Secundária/induzido quimicamente , Doença de Parkinson Secundária/patologia , Doença de Parkinson Secundária/fisiopatologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Rotação , Substância Negra/efeitos dos fármacos , Substância Negra/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Tempo , Tirosina 3-Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo
17.
Brain Res ; 1296: 127-36, 2009 Nov 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19695235

RESUMO

We explored the effects of exogenous and endogenous erythropoietin (EPO) in a seizure model of rat. Adult male Fischer 344 rats received continuous intraventricular infusion of EPO dissolved in saline containing 1mg/ml of rat serum albumin, anti-EPO antibody, saline containing 1mg/ml of rat serum albumin or combined EPO and neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2-receptor antagonist. Animals were behaviorally evaluated for seizure development over 6h after kainic acid injection followed by immunohistochemical assays. Mortality rate, seizure severity, apoptotic cell death and abnormal cell proliferation in the hippocampus of EPO-treated epileptic rats were significantly attenuated, compared to control rats. Anti-EPO antibody in non-EPO-treated animals worsened seizures and CA1 neuronal cell death, while NPY Y2-receptor antagonist cancelled the therapeutic effects of exogenous EPO. Both exogenous and endogenous EPO might modulate seizure severity and protect the hippocampal neurons in epileptic rats, via novel mechanistic pathways involving blockade of epileptogenic cell formation coupled with NPY receptor modulation in the hippocampus.


Assuntos
Região CA1 Hipocampal/fisiopatologia , Giro Denteado/fisiopatologia , Eritropoetina/metabolismo , Neurônios/fisiologia , Neuropeptídeo Y/metabolismo , Convulsões/fisiopatologia , Animais , Apoptose/fisiologia , Autoanticorpos/metabolismo , Região CA1 Hipocampal/patologia , Proliferação de Células , Giro Denteado/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Eritropoetina/imunologia , Hematopoese/fisiologia , Ácido Caínico , Masculino , Neurônios/patologia , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos F344 , Receptores de Neuropeptídeo Y/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de Neuropeptídeo Y/metabolismo , Convulsões/induzido quimicamente , Convulsões/mortalidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Transdução de Sinais , Regulação para Cima/fisiologia
18.
Neurol Res ; 31(4): 407-13, 2009 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18826756

RESUMO

The relationship between neurogenesis and epilepsy remains to be solved so far, although aberrant electric circuit recognized in epilepsy might be involved in neurogenesis. In this study, neurogenesis and the proliferation of astrocytes in the subgranular zone of the hippocampus were explored using unilateral amygdala-kindled rats with or without muscimol, a gamma-aminobutyric acid a (GABAa) agonist injection into the bilateral anterior thalamic nuclei (AN). Muscimol injection significantly ameliorated the behavioral scores of epilepsy without any significant alteration on the electroencephalography recorded at the stimulated basolateral amygdala, thus suggesting that muscimol injection might affect the secondary generalization, but not the initial discharge itself. The number of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), BrdU/doublecortin and BrdU/glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells in the subgranular zone of kindled animals increased markedly. Muscimol injection significantly suppressed neurogenesis, but not the proliferation of astrocyte, in the subgranular zone of the non-stimulated side, probably through the suppression of secondary generalization via AN. The results might indicate the underlying relationships between neurogenesis and epilepsy, that epileptic propagation in unilateral amygdala-kindled rats might go through AN into the contralateral side with subsequent neurogenesis, although further studies need to clarify the hypothesis.


Assuntos
Núcleos Anteriores do Tálamo/efeitos dos fármacos , Agonistas GABAérgicos/farmacologia , Hipocampo/fisiologia , Excitação Neurológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Muscimol/farmacologia , Neurogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Tonsila do Cerebelo , Animais , Núcleos Anteriores do Tálamo/fisiologia , Bromodesoxiuridina/metabolismo , Contagem de Células , Diferenciação Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Proteínas do Domínio Duplacortina , Proteína Duplacortina , Estimulação Elétrica/efeitos adversos , Eletroencefalografia/métodos , Epilepsia/tratamento farmacológico , Epilepsia/patologia , Epilepsia/fisiopatologia , Lateralidade Funcional , Proteína Glial Fibrilar Ácida/metabolismo , Indóis , Excitação Neurológica/fisiologia , Masculino , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos/metabolismo , Neuropeptídeos/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
19.
Brain Res ; 1203: 189-96, 2008 Apr 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18313647

RESUMO

Metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) have been recently implicated as robust therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we explored how activation of mGluRs in globus pallidus (GP) affected the amphetamine-induced rotational behavior in the unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion rat model of PD. The amphetamine-induced rotations were completely suppressed by the ipsilateral intrapallidal injection of the non-selective mGluR agonist, 1-aminocyclopentane-1S,3R-dicarboxylic acid (ACPD) and the selective group I mGluR agonist, (R,S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG), but not the selective group III mGluR agonist, l-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (l-AP4). The suppressive effects were detected at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 12 h after ACPD injection, but returned to the control level at 24 h. A remarkable c-fos expression was found in the lesioned side of GP, subthalamic nucleus (STN), and substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) of rats that received the ACPD or DHPG injection, compared to rats treated with L-AP-4 or phosphate buffer-injection. The results indicate that the blockade of amphetamine-induced rotations might be at least partially mediated by group I mGluR activation. This study advances the use of selective group I mGluRs directed toward the GP for PD treatment.


Assuntos
Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Globo Pálido/metabolismo , Doença de Parkinson/patologia , Doença de Parkinson/fisiopatologia , Receptores de Glutamato Metabotrópico/metabolismo , Adrenérgicos/toxicidade , Análise de Variância , Animais , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Dioxolanos/farmacologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Interações Medicamentosas , Antagonistas de Aminoácidos Excitatórios/farmacologia , Feminino , Metoxi-Hidroxifenilglicol/análogos & derivados , Metoxi-Hidroxifenilglicol/farmacologia , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Oxidopamina/toxicidade , Doença de Parkinson/etiologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-fos/metabolismo , Purinas/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Substância Negra/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Tempo , Tirosina 3-Mono-Oxigenase/metabolismo
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