Zinc Acetate Hydrate Supplementation versus Polaprezinc Supplementation for Improving Hypozincemia in Hemodialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Zinc supplementation may ameliorate zinc deficiency in maintenance hemodialysis patients; however, no standard protocol has been established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of zinc acetate hydrate (ZAH) and polaprezinc (PPZ) as zinc supplements in hemodialysis patients. We enrolled 75 hemodialysis patients with serum zinc levels <60 µg/dL for this study and randomly assigned Zinc supplementation to these 75 patients: 37 received ZAH (50 mg/day), and 38 received PPZ (34 mg/day). Serum zinc levels of both groups were compared every 4 weeks for 1 year. In both groups, serum zinc levels significantly increased at 4-52 weeks. Serum zinc levels were significantly higher in the ZAH group at 4-12 weeks; however, no significant differences were observed between the groups at 16-52 weeks. Adverse events requiring a reduction in the zinc dose, including copper deficiency, occurred significantly more frequently in the ZAH group. In conclusion, PPZ can safely maintain serum zinc levels for 1 year. ZAH provides rapid zinc supplementation but can cause adverse events.

[Psychogenic Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia].

Patients with dissociative retrograde amnesia, under the influence of high stress, lose access to past autobiographical event memories that should have been remembered. Patients with dissociative anterograde amnesia cannot recall extremely emotional experiences. If dissociative anterograde amnesia is experienced repeatedly in daily life, something in daily life becomes a fear stimulus. Fear conditioning in dissociative anterograde amnesia is often related to past memories of child abuse that can not be recalled due to dissociative amnesia.