Perception and opinion of nursing faculties regarding advocacy role: A qualitative research.

BACKGROUND: The nursing literature emphasizes that there are still inadequacies, differences, and inconsistencies in the definition of nurses' advocacy role, and that nursing education plays an important role in educating nurses for patient advocacy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this descriptive qualitative study is to determine nurse academics' perception of and opinions about advocacy in nursing. METHODS: The study group consisted of five academics working as nurse educators in a university. A questionnaire and focus group interview methods were used to collect the data. RESULTS: A framework that consisted of three categories, including the scope of advocacy in nursing; today's health system and advocacy; nurses' foundation/knowledge base for an advocacy role was set by considering the opinions of participants. CONCLUSION: It was emphasized that nurse academics regarded advocacy as an ethical obligation and saw it from a broad perspective including social justice, that changing health system has increased the importance of advocacy role in nursing, that the personality characteristics of prospective nurses are important, and that nursing education should be improved in terms of advocacy.

Mastalgia and associated factors: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: Mastalgia is a common and painful experience among women. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of breast pain, characteristics of the pain, and factors associated with breast pain, particularly those that can be changed. METHODS: This cross-sectional study comprised women aged from 18 to 65 years. In total, 752 women were included. Risk factors for breast pain were determined using logistic regression analysis with the entry model, and the risk factors for periodic and non-periodic breast pain were assessed using logistic regression analysis with the backward model. RESULTS: Results revealed that the following were significant risk factors: age between 35 and 50 years (OR, 1.614; CI, 1110-2347), university graduate (OR, 3.207; CI, 1.874-5.490), BMI of >30 (OR, 2.068; CI, 1.163-3.674), excessive use of salt (OR, 1,687; CI, 1.075-2 .647), weight gain in the last 5 years (OR, 1.411; CI, 1018-1955), use of a small bra (OR, 3.260; CI, 2204-4821), and use of a large bra (OR, 1.896; CI, 1276-2817). CONCLUSION: Weight control, restriction of salt intake, and selection of a suitable brassiere are important for preventing and managing mastalgia.