RESUMO
Studies of the impact of abuse or neglect on children have focused largely on maltreated infants, toddlers, or preschool children. In this study a total of 139 school-age and adolescent children participated in a multi-model, multi-source assessment; 22 of the children had been physically abused, 47 had been neglected, and the remainder served as comparison subjects. Parent and child interviews, teacher ratings, and data from school records were used to comprehensively assess children's school performance; social and emotional development in school, at home, in the community, and with peers; and adaptive behavior in areas such as motor skills, personal care skills, and community orientation. With the effects of socioeconomic status covaried out, results showed that the abused children displayed pervasive and severe academic and socioemotional problems. Neglected children differed little from children who were neither abused nor neglected on measures of socioemotional development, but they displayed severe academic delays. Both groups of maltreated children showed unexpected strengths on measures of adaptive behavior.
Assuntos
Logro , Maus-Tratos Infantis , Avaliação Educacional , Adaptação Psicológica , Adolescente , Criança , Comportamento Infantil , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
Research has shown that physical and sexual maltreatment precipitate runaway behavior in adolescents. However, there have been few large-scale examinations of the family, school, and personal problems of maltreated adolescents. In the present paper, an 85-item Client Information Record was completed on 2,019 runaways by shelter staff from eight southeastern states. There were significant differences in the problems reported by physically abused and sexually abused runaways when compared to their nonabused runaway peers. Runaways who were both physically and sexually maltreated were significantly more vulnerable and much worse off than those who only experienced either physical or sexual abuse. Implications for the treatment of maltreated runaways are discussed.
Assuntos
Abuso Sexual na Infância/psicologia , Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Comportamento de Esquiva , Adaptação Psicológica , Adolescente , Maus-Tratos Infantis/reabilitação , Abuso Sexual na Infância/reabilitação , Proteção da Criança , Filho de Pais com Deficiência/psicologia , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Meio SocialRESUMO
Studies of the impact of abuse or neglect on children have focused largely on maltreated infants, toddlers, or preschool children and on single subsystems of development. In the study described in this article, 139 school-age and adolescent children who had been physically abused, who had been neglected, and who had no prior history of maltreatment participated in a multimodal, multisource assessment. The authors used parent and child interviews, teacher ratings, and data from school records to comprehensively assess older maltreated children's school performance; social and emotional development in school, at home, in the community, and with peers; and adaptive behavior in areas such as motor skills, personal care skills, and community orientation. With the effects of socioeconomic status covaried out, results showed that the abused children displayed pervasive and severe academic and socioemotional problems. Neglected children differed little from children who were neither abused nor neglected on measures of socioemotional development, but they displayed severe academic delays. Both groups of maltreated children showed unexpected strengths on measures of adaptive behavior.
Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Problemas Sociais , Adolescente , Criança , Maus-Tratos Infantis/complicações , Maus-Tratos Infantis/legislação & jurisprudência , Proteção da Criança , Família , Feminino , Georgia , Humanos , Masculino , Instituições Acadêmicas , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
Empirical research on the psychosocial sequelae of child maltreatment has identified numerous and severe social skills deficits in abused and neglected children that negatively affect their healthy adjustment. Social skills training programs have been successful in helping adults and nonmaltreated children improve their skills in interpersonal communication, problem solving, self-control, assertiveness, and stress management. Such training appears promising for intervention with maltreated children. Guidelines and rationales are presented for developing social skills training programs specifically focused on the developmental and situational needs of abused and neglected children.
Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis/reabilitação , Relações Interpessoais , Comportamento Social , Ensino/métodos , Aculturação , Assertividade , Criança , Maus-Tratos Infantis/psicologia , Humanos , Controle Interno-Externo , Resolução de Problemas , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de SaúdeRESUMO
There is an association between child abuse and delinquency, but problems with study design, definition, and method currently prevent a definitive understanding of the sequences and causal relations involved. The evidence indicates that a bidirectional relationship exists between child abuse and delinquency. A framework that uses Patterson's analysis of coercive processes suggests that child characteristics, parental inadequacies, and external stressors each play a part in child abuse and delinquency.
Assuntos
Maus-Tratos Infantis , Delinquência Juvenil , Agressão/psicologia , Criança , HumanosRESUMO
Early identification of handicapping conditions in children greatly enhances the possibility of treatment that may limit malfunctioning. Social work has responsibility and an opportunity to become more active in early identification.
Assuntos
Pessoas com Deficiência , Serviço Social em Psiquiatria , Criança , Maus-Tratos Infantis , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Proteção da Criança , Pré-Escolar , Assistência Integral à Saúde , Educação de Pessoa com Deficiência Intelectual , Terapia Familiar , Humanos , Lactente , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnósticoRESUMO
Teachers (N = 12) were assigned to either an experimental (labeled) or control (nonlabeled) child. All children were, in fact, nonhandicapped and had no diagnosis or record of mental retardation. After reading a description (labeled or nonlabeled) of their child's developmental status, each teacher read their child a story. The results indicated that teachers were more immediate (i.e., showed less social distance) to children bearing the "mentally retarded" label. Implications of this finding were discussed.