RESUMO
The use of oxime reactivators of inhibited cholinesterase enzymes in poisoning by carbamate compounds has received mixed reviews in the medical literature. Data are limited and inconsistent on the possible role oxime reactivators might have in carbamate intoxication. Based on existing experience, atropine remains the treatment of choice and pralidoxime (2-PAM) is not recommended except in cases where atropine has first been proven inadequate, in serious mixed poisonings with both carbamate and organophosphorus compounds, or in serious poisonings by unidentified cholinesterase inhibitors.
Assuntos
Carbamatos/intoxicação , Compostos de Pralidoxima/uso terapêutico , Atropina/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Colinesterase/intoxicação , Interações Medicamentosas , Humanos , Inseticidas/intoxicaçãoRESUMO
California experiences episodes of suspected agricultural field worker poisonings annually. These episodes are not only disruptive to ongoing agricultural operations, but the prospect of such poisoning is a source of great concern to workers, employers, and government agencies alike. Three episodes of group illness are examined in which actual poisoning does not seem to be involved. Factors contributing to the generation of these episodes include fear, uncertainty, incomplete understanding of hazards, and social pressures. Physicians can minimize extended disability for workers by reassuring victims and waiting until circumstances are verified before issuing statements which may further alarm or add to already existing fears.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/psicologia , Surtos de Doenças , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , California , Carbamatos , Feminino , Fungicidas Industriais/efeitos adversos , Herbicidas/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Inseticidas/efeitos adversos , MasculinoRESUMO
Agricultural workers exposed to chlordimeform (Cdf) used as a pesticide on cotton in Imperial County, California, were monitored during the 1982 application season. Cdf metabolites were found in the urine of 132 workers and were positively correlated with the length of exposure and nature of job activity. Persons mixing and loading and engaged in miscellaneous tasks such as cleaning and maintenance of equipment had the greatest exposure. There was no evidence of urinary tract irritation by microscopic analysis of the urine, nor were significant differences found between preseason and postseason serum chemistry results. Despite the use of protective clothing and closed system transfer devices, Cdf was absorbed by workers as evidenced by urinary metabolite excretion.
