RESUMO
The single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and its 14-(R)-hydroxylated metabolite in infants and children were studied after oral administration under fasting and nonfasting conditions. Drug absorption appeared to be rapid following a brief delay in its onset; the mean peak concentrations in plasma (Cmax) for clarithromycin were reached within about 3 h under both conditions. The mean Cmax for the parent drug were 3.59 and 4.58 micrograms/ml in single-dose fasting and nonfasting patients, and the respective Cmax for the metabolite were 1.19 and 1.26 micrograms/ml. Data indicate good absorption and no significant effects by food. There was no unusual accumulation in the area under the concentration-time curve and Cmax in the multiple-dose group.
Assuntos
Claritromicina/farmacocinética , Administração Oral , Química Farmacêutica , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Claritromicina/metabolismo , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , SuspensõesRESUMO
Results of oral and topical erythromycin therapy in 41 infants under 4 months of age with chlamydial conjunctivitis were evaluated in randomized clinical trial. After three weeks of treatment, relapse or reinfection of the eye occurred in four of 19 patients (21%) in the topical therapy group and in three of 22 patients (13.6%) in the oral therapy group (p less than .69). In the topical therapy group, chlamydiae were isolated from nasopharyngeal cultures of eight patients (42%) during or after therapy. Chlamydiae were eradicated from the nasopharynx of the six colonized patients treated with oral erythromycin. All relapses responded to a course of oral erythromycin therapy. We conclude that both modes of therapy are comparable for treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis, but that oral therapy has the advantage of eradicating nasopharyngeal colonization.
