[Growing of murine tooth in situ by homotopic transplantation of embryonic germ]. / Vyrashchivanie zuba myshi in situ metodom gomotopicheskoi transplantatsii émbrional'nogo zachatka.

Tissue engineering offers to restore the lost tooth using a biological analogue grown from the tooth germ. These technologies provide long-term cultivation of the germ in bioreactor in vitro. The subsequent transfer and growth of the in vitro grown tooth in the jaw is hampered by difficulty of integration of the new tooth with the host tissue. We suggested that growing tooth by homotopic transplantation in situ, that is, immediately in the jaw passing the in vitro stage will help to solve these problems. The aim of the work was to test the hypothesis. The principal possibility of transfer of the tooth germ directly into the jaw and cultivation in situ eliminating the stage in vitro is shown. The results showed a good integration of the grown teeth with the jaw without signs of inflammation and with the appearance of blood vessels in the pulp. At the same time, the results also showed the necessity to improve the preparation of tooth germs for transplantation and surgical procedures.

[Gaba and its Receptors in Pathogenesis of Epilepsy].

This review presents summarizes data on the structural and functional organization of the GABAergic system of the brain, mechanisms of GABAergic transmission, about the characteristics of GABA-receptors and GABAergic inhibition forms. Reviewed issues of involvement of GABA inhibitory neurotransmitter and various types of GABA-receptors in epileptogenesis. The experimental and clinical data testifying to an important role of GABA and its receptors in an epileptogenesis are presented.

[Autoantibodies to glutamate, GABA and their receptors in epilepsy].

This review discusses the pathogenic role of autoantibodies (autoAB) to excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters glutamate, GABA and their receptors in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The data of clinical and experimental studies show that glutamate AMPA and NMDA- receptors autoAB and GABA receptors autoAB in high titers are highly pathogenic, causing a significant decrease of the density of the receptors and contribute the neuronal death. Discusses the results of experimental data about of the anticonvulsant action of glutamate antibodies (AT) and opposite proconvulsant effect of GABA antibodies in different models of epileptic activity.

[Effect of citicoline on the development of chronic epileptization of the brain (pentylenetetrazole kindling) and acute seizures reaction of kindled mice C57Bl/6].

In experiments on mice C57Bl/6 was studied effects of citicoline (500 mg/kg, i.p.) on development of chronically epileptization of the brain--pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) kindling (30 mg/kg PTZ, i.p. during 24 days) and on acute generalized seizures (i.v., 1% solution of PTZ with the speed of 0.01 ml/s). It was shown that daily injection of citicoline an hour before the introduction of PTZ had no effect on development of chronically epileptization of the brain --PTZ-kindling (the latency of seizures appearance and their severity). However, citicoIine posses anticonvulsive effects on acute seizures in kindled mice. In animals with increased seizure susceptibility of the brain caused by kindling and severity of seizures 2-3 points injection citicoline after 14 days of kindling had anticonvulsive effect, increasing the threshold clonic seizures. Injection of citicoline during 24 days of kindled animals and severity of seizures 3-5 points caused the increase of thresholds as clonic and tonic phase of seizures with lethal outcome. Thus, the anticonvulsant effect of citicoline more pronounced in the long-term use.