RESUMO
The EC-funded EUROHARP project studies the harmonisation of modelling tools to quantify nutrient losses from diffuse sources. This paper describes a set of study areas used in the project from geographical conditions, to land use and land management, geological and hydro-geological perspectives. The status of data availability throughout Europe in relation to the modelling requirements is presented. The relationships between the catchment characteristics and the nutrient export are investigated, using simple data available for all the catchments. In addition, this study also analyses the hydrological representativity of the time series utilised in the EUROHARP project.
Assuntos
Monitoramento Ambiental/métodos , Modelos Teóricos , Rios , Poluição Química da Água/prevenção & controle , Conservação dos Recursos Naturais/métodos , Europa (Continente) , Movimentos da Água , Poluentes Químicos da ÁguaRESUMO
A one-dimensional model, SOIL/SOIL-NO, is used to simulate the water and nitrogen balance at catchment scale. The objective is to use the model in simulating the effects of best management practices on nitrogen runoff. The model was applied to individual farm fields in an agriculture dominated catchment and simulations were carried out for the period from 94-98. The results were promising. The simulated nitrogen runoff agreed quite well with the measured nitrogen loss at the main station. The effects of best management practices like optimal fertiliser application, catch crops and irrigation were simulated. For this particular catchment, the introduction of catch crops resulted in the best effect on reducing nitrogen runoff from agricultural dominated catchments.
